관리자 증거와 계정 흐름을 정돈

apps/web/e2e/admin.spec.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,15 @@ interface AdminUsersResponse {
   users: AdminManagedUser[];
 }
 
+type UsageCostBasis =
+  | "provider_estimate"
+  | "provider_reported"
+  | "reference_rate"
+  | "reference_upper_bound"
+  | "partial"
+  | "partial_upper_bound"
+  | "unavailable";
+
 interface AdminUsageBreakdown {
   provider: string;
   model: string;
@@ -54,6 +63,11 @@ interface AdminUsageBreakdown {
   tokens_in: number;
   tokens_out: number;
   cost_usd: number;
+  recorded_cost_usd?: number;
+  estimated_cost_usd?: number;
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
+  rate_label?: string | null;
+  rate_source_url?: string | null;
 }
 
 interface AdminUsageDailyCost {
@@ -62,13 +76,15 @@ interface AdminUsageDailyCost {
   tokens_in: number;
   tokens_out: number;
   cost_usd: number;
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
 }
 
 interface AdminUsageBudget {
   limit_usd: number;
   used_ratio: number;
   remaining_usd: number | null;
-  status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded";
+  status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded" | "indeterminate";
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
 }
 
 interface AdminUsageEvaluatorCache {
@@ -94,6 +110,9 @@ interface AdminUsageResponse {
   tokens_in: number;
   tokens_out: number;
   cost_usd: number;
+  recorded_cost_usd?: number;
+  estimated_cost_usd?: number;
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
   budget: AdminUsageBudget;
   evaluator_cache?: AdminUsageEvaluatorCache;
   by_provider: AdminUsageBreakdown[];
@@ -927,20 +946,22 @@ test.describe("admin route guards", () => {
           durable: true,
           generated_at: 1_783_990_800,
           window_days: 30,
-          total_turns: 37,
+          total_turns: 53,
-          metered_turns: 37,
+          metered_turns: 53,
-          token_metered_turns: 35,
+          token_metered_turns: 51,
           token_unmetered_turns: 2,
-          tokens_in: 160_703,
+          tokens_in: 240_950,
-          tokens_out: 19_629,
+          tokens_out: 22_907,
-          cost_usd: 7.023222,
+          cost_usd: 7.064689,
           recorded_cost_usd: 6.9612,
-          estimated_cost_usd: 0.062022,
+          estimated_cost_usd: 0.103489,
+          cost_basis: "reference_upper_bound",
           budget: {
             limit_usd: 20,
-            used_ratio: 0.3512,
+            used_ratio: 0.3532,
-            remaining_usd: 12.976778,
+            remaining_usd: 12.935311,
             status: "ok",
+            cost_basis: "reference_upper_bound",
           },
           evaluator_cache: {
             enabled: true,
@@ -981,24 +1002,45 @@ test.describe("admin route guards", () => {
             },
             {
               provider: "agy_cli",
-              model: "gemini-3.6-flash-high",
+              model: "gemini-3.7-flash-high",
-              turns: 5,
+              turns: 21,
-              token_metered_turns: 5,
+              token_metered_turns: 21,
               token_unmetered_turns: 0,
-              tokens_in: 35_703,
+              tokens_in: 115_950,
-              tokens_out: 1_129,
+              tokens_out: 4_407,
-              cost_usd: 0.062022,
+              cost_usd: 0.103489,
               recorded_cost_usd: 0,
-              estimated_cost_usd: 0.062022,
+              estimated_cost_usd: 0.103489,
-              cost_basis: "reference_rate",
+              cost_basis: "reference_upper_bound",
               rate_label:
-                "Google Gemini 3.6 Flash 표준 단가 · 입력 $1.50/M · 캐시 $0.15/M · 출력 $7.50/M",
+                "Google Gemini 3.7 Flash 프로모션 표준 단가(2026-12-31까지) · 입력 $0.75/M · 캐시 $0.075/M · 출력 $3.75/M",
             },
           ],
           daily_cost: [
-            { day: "2026-07-13", turns: 8, tokens_in: 32_000, tokens_out: 4_800, cost_usd: 1.42 },
+            {
-            { day: "2026-07-14", turns: 10, tokens_in: 41_000, tokens_out: 6_100, cost_usd: 2.08 },
+              day: "2026-07-13",
-            { day: "2026-07-15", turns: 17, tokens_in: 87_703, tokens_out: 8_729, cost_usd: 3.183222 },
+              turns: 8,
+              tokens_in: 32_000,
+              tokens_out: 4_800,
+              cost_usd: 1.42,
+              cost_basis: "provider_reported",
+            },
+            {
+              day: "2026-07-14",
+              turns: 10,
+              tokens_in: 41_000,
+              tokens_out: 6_100,
+              cost_usd: 2.08,
+              cost_basis: "provider_reported",
+            },
+            {
+              day: "2026-07-15",
+              turns: 35,
+              tokens_in: 167_950,
+              tokens_out: 12_007,
+              cost_usd: 3.564689,
+              cost_basis: "reference_upper_bound",
+            },
           ],
         },
       },
@@ -1014,17 +1056,21 @@ test.describe("admin route guards", () => {
     );
     await expect(page.getByText("운영 DB 원장").first()).toBeVisible();
     // 2026-07-27 D7: 합계 금액은 화면에 소수 2자리로 표시하고 원본 정밀도는 title 로 옮겼다.
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger")).toContainText("$7.02");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger")).toContainText("≤$7.06");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger b").first()).toHaveAttribute("title", /7\.023222/);
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger b").first()).toHaveAttribute("title", /≤\$7\.064689/);
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("94.6%");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("잔여 ≥$12.94 · ≤35.3% 사용");
     await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("gpt-5-mini");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("gemini-3.6-flash-high");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("gemini-3.7-flash-high");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("참조단가");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("참조 상한");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("≤$0.10");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("≤$0.0049");
     await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("SDK 추정");
     await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("미계량");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("$0.06");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("$0.10");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("0.9%");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toContainText("$0.0049");
-    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger")).toContainText("기록 $6.96 · 참조 $0.06");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-table tbody tr").first().locator("td").nth(6)).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger")).toContainText("기록 $6.96 · 참조 ≤$0.10 · 참조 상한");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-chart__day").last()).toContainText("≤$3.56");
     await expect(page.locator(".aic-cache-score")).toContainText("80%");
     await expect(page.getByLabel("AI 기본 모델")).toHaveValue("gateway-default");
     await expect(page.getByLabel("AI 엔진 공급자").locator("option")).toHaveCount(6);
@@ -1072,6 +1118,95 @@ test.describe("admin route guards", () => {
     await expectNoHorizontalOverflow(page);
   });
 
+  test("shows partial AI cost without inventing a per-call average", async ({ page }) => {
+    await mockAdminSession(
+      page,
+      {
+        user_id: "partial-cost-admin",
+        email: "partial-cost-admin@twentyoz.kr",
+        display_name: "Partial Cost Admin",
+        role: "admin",
+        admin_access: true,
+        super_admin: true,
+        onboarding_completed_at: 1_782_900_000,
+      },
+      {
+        adminUsage: {
+          source: "database",
+          durable: true,
+          generated_at: 1_783_990_800,
+          window_days: 30,
+          total_turns: 2,
+          metered_turns: 2,
+          token_metered_turns: 2,
+          token_unmetered_turns: 0,
+          tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+          tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+          cost_usd: 4.5,
+          recorded_cost_usd: 0,
+          estimated_cost_usd: 4.5,
+          cost_basis: "partial",
+          budget: {
+            limit_usd: 20,
+            used_ratio: 0.225,
+            remaining_usd: 15.5,
+            status: "indeterminate",
+            cost_basis: "partial",
+          },
+          evaluator_cache: {
+            enabled: false,
+            entries: 0,
+            hits: 0,
+            misses: 0,
+            stores: 0,
+            evictions: 0,
+            requests: 0,
+            hit_rate: 0,
+          },
+          by_provider: [
+            {
+              provider: "agy_cli",
+              model: "gemini-3.7-flash-high",
+              turns: 2,
+              token_metered_turns: 2,
+              token_unmetered_turns: 0,
+              tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+              tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+              cost_usd: 4.5,
+              recorded_cost_usd: 0,
+              estimated_cost_usd: 4.5,
+              cost_basis: "partial",
+              rate_label: "일부 호출 미산정 · 표시액은 산정 가능분 합계",
+            },
+          ],
+          daily_cost: [
+            {
+              day: "2026-08-13",
+              turns: 2,
+              tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+              tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+              cost_usd: 4.5,
+              cost_basis: "partial",
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    );
+
+    await page.goto("/admin/ai");
+
+    const row = page.locator(".aic-table tbody tr").filter({ hasText: "gemini-3.7-flash-high" });
+    await expect(row).toContainText("$4.50+");
+    await expect(row).toContainText("일부 산정");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(5)).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(6)).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger b").first()).toHaveText("$4.50+");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger article").last().locator("b")).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("예산 미확정");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("잔여 ≤$15.50 · ≥22.5% 사용");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-chart__value")).toHaveText("$4.50+");
+  });
+
   test("keeps the boot diagnostic overlay off a rendered AI operations page", async ({ page }) => {
     await mockAdminSession(page, {
       user_id: "ai-watchdog-admin",

apps/web/e2e/continuous-improvement-admin.spec.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,24 @@ const RELEASE_GATE_ID = "10000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000002";
 const INCIDENT_ID = "10000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000003";
 const CREATED_AT = "2026-08-06T08:30:00Z";
 
+type ApprovalDecision =
+  | "approve_content"
+  | "approve_promotion"
+  | "authorize_rollback"
+  | "keep_quarantine"
+  | "reject";
+
+type ApprovalBody = {
+  submission_id: string;
+  approval_event_id: string;
+  effect_record_id: string;
+  target_kind: "content_qualification" | "model_change_gate" | "release_gate";
+  target_id: string;
+  decision: ApprovalDecision;
+  reason_code: string;
+  evidence_refs: string[];
+};
+
 function artifact(
   recordId: string,
   ownerKind: "model_change_gate" | "release_gate",
@@ -210,18 +228,18 @@ async function installMock(page: Page, options: MockOptions = {}) {
     }
 
     if (request.method() === "POST" && path.endsWith("/continuous-improvement/approvals")) {
-      const body = request.postDataJSON() as Record<string, string>;
+      const body = request.postDataJSON() as ApprovalBody;
       approvalBodies.push(body);
       view.approvals.push({
         approval_event_id: body.approval_event_id,
-        target_kind: body.target_kind as "content_qualification" | "model_change_gate",
+        target_kind: body.target_kind,
         target_id: body.target_id,
-        decision: body.decision as "approve_content" | "approve_promotion",
+        decision: body.decision,
         reason_code: body.reason_code,
-        evidence_refs: body.evidence_refs as unknown as string[],
+        evidence_refs: body.evidence_refs,
         created_at: CREATED_AT,
       });
-      if (body.target_kind === "content_qualification") {
+      if (body.target_kind === "content_qualification" && body.decision === "approve_content") {
         view.catalog_entries.unshift({
           catalog_record_id: body.effect_record_id,
           qualification_id: body.target_id,
@@ -230,14 +248,17 @@ async function installMock(page: Page, options: MockOptions = {}) {
           clinical_claim_allowed: false,
           created_at: CREATED_AT,
         });
-      } else {
+      } else if (
+        body.decision === "approve_promotion" ||
+        body.decision === "authorize_rollback"
+      ) {
         view.lifecycle_events.unshift({
           lifecycle_event_id: body.effect_record_id,
-          target_kind: body.target_kind as "model_change_gate",
+          target_kind: body.target_kind as "model_change_gate" | "release_gate",
           target_id: body.target_id,
-          event_type: "promotion",
+          event_type: body.decision === "authorize_rollback" ? "rollback" : "promotion",
-          event_status: "approved",
+          event_status: body.decision === "authorize_rollback" ? "requested" : "approved",
-          evidence_refs: body.evidence_refs as unknown as string[],
+          evidence_refs: body.evidence_refs,
           created_at: CREATED_AT,
         });
       }
@@ -287,11 +308,13 @@ test.describe("continuous improvement admin cockpit", () => {
     await contentCandidate.getByText("검수 payload 펼쳐 보기").click();
     await expect(contentCandidate.getByText("영향을 방어하지 않고 인정한 뒤")).toBeVisible();
     await expect(contentCandidate).not.toContainText("hidden_answer");
-    const contentReason = contentCandidate.getByLabel("콘텐츠 승인 사유");
+    const contentReason = contentCandidate.getByLabel("콘텐츠 결정 사유");
-    await expect(contentCandidate.getByRole("button", { name: "카탈로그 승인" })).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(contentCandidate.getByRole("button", { name: "결정 선택 필요" })).toBeDisabled();
+    await contentCandidate.getByRole("radio", { name: "승인", exact: true }).check();
+    await expect(contentCandidate.getByRole("button", { name: "승인 기록" })).toBeDisabled();
     await contentReason.fill("합성 경계와 수련 목표를 직접 검수함");
     await contentReason.press("Enter");
-    await expect(contentCandidate.getByText("카탈로그 승인 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(contentCandidate.getByText("콘텐츠 승인 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
     await expect(page.locator("html")).toHaveAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
     await page.getByTestId("continuous-improvement-cockpit").screenshot({
       path: testInfo.outputPath("g8-continuous-improvement-before-approval.png"),
@@ -299,23 +322,36 @@ test.describe("continuous improvement admin cockpit", () => {
     });
 
     const missingGate = page.locator(`[data-gate-id="${RELEASE_GATE_ID}"]`);
-    await expect(missingGate.getByRole("button", { name: "증거 4종 미완료" })).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(missingGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "승인", exact: true })).toBeDisabled();
-    await expect(missingGate.getByText("필수 증거 4종이 모두 있어야 기록 가능")).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(missingGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "보류", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+    await expect(missingGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "반려", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+    await expect(missingGate.getByText("필수 증거 4종 미완료로 승인 차단")).toBeVisible();
+    await missingGate.screenshot({
+      path: testInfo.outputPath("g8-human-decision-approval-blocked.png"),
+      animations: "disabled",
+    });
 
     const modelGate = page.locator(`[data-gate-id="${MODEL_GATE_ID}"]`);
-    const approvalButton = modelGate.getByRole("button", { name: "사람 승인 기록" });
+    const approvalReason = modelGate.getByLabel("사람 결정 사유");
-    const approvalReason = modelGate.getByLabel("사람 승인 사유");
+    await expect(modelGate.getByRole("button", { name: "결정 선택 필요" })).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(modelGate.getByText("승인·보류·반려 중 하나를 명시적으로 선택해야 함")).toBeVisible();
+    await modelGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "승인", exact: true }).check();
+    const approvalButton = modelGate.getByRole("button", { name: "승인 기록" });
     await expect(approvalButton).toBeDisabled();
     await expect(modelGate.getByText("승인 사유를 먼저 입력해야 함")).toBeVisible();
     await approvalReason.fill("기준선과 rollback runbook을 독립 검토함");
     await expect(approvalButton).toBeEnabled();
-    await expect(modelGate.getByText("증거 4종과 승인 사유가 준비됨")).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(modelGate.getByText("승인 결정과 사유를 append-only 원장에 기록할 준비됨")).toBeVisible();
+    await modelGate.screenshot({
+      path: testInfo.outputPath("g8-human-decision-approval-ready.png"),
+      animations: "disabled",
+    });
     await approvalButton.focus();
     await expect(approvalButton).toBeFocused();
     await approvalReason.focus();
     await approvalReason.press("Enter");
 
-    await expect(modelGate.getByText("append-only 승인 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(modelGate.getByText("승격 승인 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
     expect(mock.approvalBodies).toHaveLength(2);
     expect(mock.approvalBodies[0]).toMatchObject({
       target_kind: "content_qualification",
@@ -332,6 +368,10 @@ test.describe("continuous improvement admin cockpit", () => {
     expect(mock.approvalBodies[1].evidence_refs).toHaveLength(4);
 
     await expectNoHorizontalOverflow(page);
+    // index.html watchdog은 3.5초와 8초에 관리자 표면의 canonical marker를 확인한다.
+    // 정상 렌더된 지속 개선 콕핏을 dev asset 이름 때문에 진단 화면으로 오인하면 안 된다.
+    await page.waitForTimeout(8_600);
+    await expect(page.locator("#vignette-boot-diagnostic")).toHaveCount(0);
     await page.screenshot({
       path: testInfo.outputPath("g8-continuous-improvement-cockpit.png"),
       fullPage: true,
@@ -339,6 +379,60 @@ test.describe("continuous improvement admin cockpit", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  test("blocks only unmet approval and records hold, reject and approval as explicit decisions", async ({
+    page,
+  }) => {
+    const mock = await installMock(page);
+    await page.goto("/admin/continuous-improvement");
+
+    const releaseGate = page.locator(`[data-gate-id="${RELEASE_GATE_ID}"]`);
+    const releaseApprove = releaseGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "승인", exact: true });
+    await expect(releaseApprove).toBeDisabled();
+    await expect(releaseGate.getByText("필수 증거 4종 미완료로 승인 차단")).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(releaseGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "보류", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+    await expect(releaseGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "반려", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+
+    await releaseGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "보류", exact: true }).check();
+    await releaseGate.getByLabel("사람 결정 사유").fill("rollback 증거 보강 뒤 다시 검토");
+    await releaseGate.getByRole("button", { name: "보류 기록" }).click();
+    await expect(releaseGate.getByText("보류 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
+
+    const contentCandidate = page.locator(
+      '[data-qualification-id="20000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000001"]',
+    );
+    await contentCandidate.getByRole("radio", { name: "반려", exact: true }).check();
+    await contentCandidate.getByLabel("콘텐츠 결정 사유").fill("검수 기준을 충족하지 못한 후보");
+    await contentCandidate.getByRole("button", { name: "반려 기록" }).click();
+    await expect(contentCandidate.getByText("반려 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
+
+    const modelGate = page.locator(`[data-gate-id="${MODEL_GATE_ID}"]`);
+    await modelGate.getByRole("radio", { name: "승인", exact: true }).check();
+    await modelGate.getByLabel("사람 결정 사유").fill("독립 증거 4종과 승격 조건을 확인함");
+    await modelGate.getByRole("button", { name: "승인 기록" }).click();
+    await expect(modelGate.getByText("승격 승인 원장 기록됨")).toBeVisible();
+
+    expect(mock.approvalBodies).toHaveLength(3);
+    expect(mock.approvalBodies[0]).toMatchObject({
+      target_kind: "release_gate",
+      target_id: RELEASE_GATE_ID,
+      decision: "keep_quarantine",
+      reason_code: "rollback 증거 보강 뒤 다시 검토",
+    });
+    expect(mock.approvalBodies[1]).toMatchObject({
+      target_kind: "content_qualification",
+      target_id: "20000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000001",
+      decision: "reject",
+      reason_code: "검수 기준을 충족하지 못한 후보",
+    });
+    expect(mock.approvalBodies[2]).toMatchObject({
+      target_kind: "model_change_gate",
+      target_id: MODEL_GATE_ID,
+      decision: "approve_promotion",
+      reason_code: "독립 증거 4종과 승격 조건을 확인함",
+    });
+    await expectNoHorizontalOverflow(page);
+  });
+
   test("shows empty and degraded states without opening an approval action", async ({ page }) => {
     await installMock(page, { empty: true });
     await page.goto("/admin/continuous-improvement");

apps/web/e2e/full-sweep-admin-ai.spec.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,15 @@
 // route fixture로 상태를 고정해 검증한다. 실제 AI 엔진 턴 생성은 하지 않는다.
 import { expect, test, type Page } from "@playwright/test";
 
+type UsageCostBasis =
+  | "provider_estimate"
+  | "provider_reported"
+  | "reference_rate"
+  | "reference_upper_bound"
+  | "partial"
+  | "partial_upper_bound"
+  | "unavailable";
+
 interface AdminUsageBreakdown {
   provider: string;
   model: string;
@@ -14,7 +23,7 @@ interface AdminUsageBreakdown {
   estimated_cost_usd: number;
   token_metered_turns: number;
   token_unmetered_turns: number;
-  cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "unavailable";
+  cost_basis: UsageCostBasis;
   rate_label?: string | null;
   rate_source_url?: string | null;
 }
@@ -25,6 +34,7 @@ interface AdminUsageDailyCost {
   tokens_in: number;
   tokens_out: number;
   cost_usd: number;
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
 }
 
 interface AdminUsageEvaluatorCache {
@@ -52,11 +62,13 @@ interface AdminUsageResponse {
   cost_usd: number;
   recorded_cost_usd: number;
   estimated_cost_usd: number;
+  cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
   budget: {
     limit_usd: number;
     used_ratio: number;
     remaining_usd: number | null;
-    status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded";
+    status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded" | "indeterminate";
+    cost_basis?: UsageCostBasis;
   };
   evaluator_cache?: AdminUsageEvaluatorCache;
   by_provider: AdminUsageBreakdown[];
@@ -90,10 +102,17 @@ function usageFixture(
     tokens_in: 0,
     tokens_out: 0,
     cost_usd: 0,
+    cost_basis: "provider_reported",
     // 실 API는 cost_usd = recorded + estimated 로 집계한다. 기본은 전액 기록값으로 둔다.
     recorded_cost_usd: overrides.cost_usd ?? 0,
     estimated_cost_usd: 0,
-    budget: { limit_usd: 0, used_ratio: 0, remaining_usd: null, status: "disabled" },
+    budget: {
+      limit_usd: 0,
+      used_ratio: 0,
+      remaining_usd: null,
+      status: "disabled",
+      cost_basis: "provider_reported",
+    },
     evaluator_cache: {
       enabled: false,
       entries: 0,
@@ -482,7 +501,7 @@ test.describe("full sweep: admin ai operations", () => {
     await expect(chart.locator(".aic-chart__day")).toHaveCount(3);
     await expect(chart.locator(".aic-chart__day").first()).toHaveAttribute(
       "title",
-      "2026-07-13 $1.42",
+      "2026-07-13 $1.42 · Provider 보고",
     );
     await expect(chart.locator(".aic-chart__day").first()).toContainText("8턴");
 
@@ -521,6 +540,70 @@ test.describe("full sweep: admin ai operations", () => {
     await expect(page.locator(".aic-table")).toHaveCount(0);
   });
 
+  test("does not present a partial upper bound as an exact cost", async ({ page }) => {
+    const state = createMockState({
+      usageForWindow: (days) =>
+        usageFixture(days, {
+          total_turns: 2,
+          metered_turns: 2,
+          token_metered_turns: 2,
+          tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+          tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+          cost_usd: 4.5,
+          recorded_cost_usd: 0,
+          estimated_cost_usd: 4.5,
+          cost_basis: "partial_upper_bound",
+          budget: {
+            limit_usd: 20,
+            used_ratio: 0.225,
+            remaining_usd: null,
+            status: "indeterminate",
+            cost_basis: "partial_upper_bound",
+          },
+          by_provider: [
+            {
+              provider: "agy_cli",
+              model: "gemini-3.7-flash-high",
+              turns: 2,
+              token_metered_turns: 2,
+              token_unmetered_turns: 0,
+              tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+              tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+              cost_usd: 4.5,
+              recorded_cost_usd: 0,
+              estimated_cost_usd: 4.5,
+              cost_basis: "partial_upper_bound",
+              rate_label: "일부 호출 미산정 · 산정된 부분도 상한 추정",
+            },
+          ],
+          daily_cost: [
+            {
+              day: "2026-08-13",
+              turns: 2,
+              tokens_in: 2_000_000,
+              tokens_out: 2_000_000,
+              cost_usd: 4.5,
+              cost_basis: "partial_upper_bound",
+            },
+          ],
+        }),
+    });
+    await mockAdminAiSession(page, state);
+
+    await page.goto("/admin/ai");
+
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger b").first()).toHaveText("미산정");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-ledger article").last().locator("b")).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("예산 미확정");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-budget")).toContainText("잔여 미산정 · 사용률 미산정");
+    await expect(page.locator(".aic-chart__value")).toHaveText("미산정");
+    const row = page.locator(".aic-table tbody tr");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(4)).toContainText("미산정");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(4)).toContainText("일부 상한");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(5)).toHaveText("—");
+    await expect(row.locator("td").nth(6)).toHaveText("—");
+  });
+
   // checklist: admin-ai-engine-config-meta
   test("shows engine config metadata for durable DB and runtime-only sources", async ({ page }) => {
     const state = createMockState({

apps/web/e2e/uc-auth-onboarding.spec.ts

@@ -217,6 +217,38 @@ test.describe("uc auth-onboarding", () => {
     await expect(submit).toBeDisabled();
   });
 
+  // usecase: 다른 Google 계정을 잘못 선택한 사용자가 현재 이메일을 확인하고 로그인 화면으로 빠져나간다
+  test("온보딩 최상단에서 현재 Google 계정을 확인하고 다른 계정으로 로그인한다", async ({ page }) => {
+    await routeUnmockedApi(page);
+    await routeMe(page, () =>
+      makeMe({
+        email: "yunchan8804@gmail.com",
+        onboarding_completed_at: null,
+        nickname: "",
+      }),
+    );
+    await routeOnboardingData(page);
+    await routeAuthConfig(page);
+
+    let logoutRequested = false;
+    await page.route("**/api/auth/logout", (route) => {
+      logoutRequested = route.request().method() === "POST";
+      return route.fulfill(jsonRoute({ ok: true }));
+    });
+
+    await page.goto("/onboarding");
+
+    const account = page.getByLabel("현재 로그인 계정");
+    await expect(account).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(account.getByText("현재 Google 계정", { exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(account.getByText("yunchan8804@gmail.com", { exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+
+    await account.getByRole("button", { name: "다른 계정으로 로그인" }).click();
+    await page.waitForURL(/\/login(?:$|[/?#])/);
+    expect(logoutRequested).toBe(true);
+    await expect(page.getByRole("heading", { name: "로그인" })).toBeVisible();
+  });
+
   // usecase: 신규 사용자가 입력을 마쳤지만 약관·개인정보 동의를 빠뜨린 채 제출하려 한다
   test("온보딩 필수 동의를 모두 체크해야 제출 버튼이 활성화된다", async ({ page }) => {
     await setupFreshLearnerOnOnboarding(page);

apps/web/src/lib/api.gen.ts

@@ -3071,7 +3071,7 @@ export interface components {
              * @default provider_reported
              * @enum {string}
              */
-            cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "unavailable";
+            cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "reference_upper_bound" | "partial" | "partial_upper_bound" | "unavailable";
             /** Cost Usd */
             cost_usd: number;
             /**
@@ -3111,6 +3111,12 @@ export interface components {
         };
         /** AdminUsageBudget */
         AdminUsageBudget: {
+            /**
+             * Cost Basis
+             * @default provider_reported
+             * @enum {string}
+             */
+            cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "reference_upper_bound" | "partial" | "partial_upper_bound" | "unavailable";
             /** Limit Usd */
             limit_usd: number;
             /** Remaining Usd */
@@ -3119,12 +3125,18 @@ export interface components {
              * Status
              * @enum {string}
              */
-            status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded";
+            status: "disabled" | "ok" | "warn" | "exceeded" | "indeterminate";
             /** Used Ratio */
             used_ratio: number;
         };
         /** AdminUsageDailyCost */
         AdminUsageDailyCost: {
+            /**
+             * Cost Basis
+             * @default provider_reported
+             * @enum {string}
+             */
+            cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "reference_upper_bound" | "partial" | "partial_upper_bound" | "unavailable";
             /** Cost Usd */
             cost_usd: number;
             /** Day */
@@ -3160,6 +3172,12 @@ export interface components {
             budget: components["schemas"]["AdminUsageBudget"];
             /** By Provider */
             by_provider: components["schemas"]["AdminUsageBreakdown"][];
+            /**
+             * Cost Basis
+             * @default provider_reported
+             * @enum {string}
+             */
+            cost_basis: "provider_estimate" | "provider_reported" | "reference_rate" | "reference_upper_bound" | "partial" | "partial_upper_bound" | "unavailable";
             /** Cost Usd */
             cost_usd: number;
             /** Daily Cost */

apps/web/src/pages/AdminAi.tsx

@@ -31,6 +31,21 @@ const ENGINE_MODE_LABEL: Record<string, string> = {
   solar: "Solar",
 };
 
+type UsageCostBasis =
+  | "provider_estimate"
+  | "provider_reported"
+  | "reference_rate"
+  | "reference_upper_bound"
+  | "partial"
+  | "partial_upper_bound"
+  | "unavailable";
+
+const EXACT_COST_BASES = new Set<UsageCostBasis>([
+  "provider_estimate",
+  "provider_reported",
+  "reference_rate",
+]);
+
 function countLabel(value: number): string {
   return Number.isFinite(value) ? Math.max(0, Math.round(value)).toLocaleString("ko-KR") : "0";
 }
@@ -52,6 +67,65 @@ function costTitle(value: number): string {
   return `$${exact === "0" ? value.toPrecision(3) : exact}`;
 }
 
+function readCostBasis(
+  value: unknown,
+  fallback: UsageCostBasis = "provider_reported",
+): UsageCostBasis {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || !("cost_basis" in value)) return fallback;
+  const basis = (value as { cost_basis?: unknown }).cost_basis;
+  if (
+    basis === "provider_estimate" ||
+    basis === "provider_reported" ||
+    basis === "reference_rate" ||
+    basis === "reference_upper_bound" ||
+    basis === "partial" ||
+    basis === "partial_upper_bound" ||
+    basis === "unavailable"
+  ) {
+    return basis;
+  }
+  return fallback;
+}
+
+function isExactCostBasis(value: UsageCostBasis): boolean {
+  return EXACT_COST_BASES.has(value);
+}
+
+function isUnknownCostBasis(value: UsageCostBasis): boolean {
+  return value === "unavailable" || value === "partial_upper_bound";
+}
+
+function costWithBasis(value: number, basis: UsageCostBasis, digits: 2 | 4 = 2): string {
+  if (isUnknownCostBasis(basis)) return "미산정";
+  if (basis === "reference_upper_bound") return `≤${costLabel(value, digits)}`;
+  if (basis === "partial") return `${costLabel(value, digits)}+`;
+  return costLabel(value, digits);
+}
+
+function costTitleWithBasis(value: number, basis: UsageCostBasis): string {
+  if (isUnknownCostBasis(basis)) return "미산정";
+  if (basis === "reference_upper_bound") return `≤${costTitle(value)}`;
+  if (basis === "partial") return `${costTitle(value)}+`;
+  return costTitle(value);
+}
+
+function budgetRemainingLabel(
+  value: number | null | undefined,
+  basis: UsageCostBasis,
+): string {
+  if (isUnknownCostBasis(basis) || value === null || value === undefined) return "잔여 미산정";
+  if (basis === "reference_upper_bound") return `잔여 ≥${costLabel(value)}`;
+  if (basis === "partial") return `잔여 ≤${costLabel(value)}`;
+  return `잔여 ${costLabel(value)}`;
+}
+
+function budgetRateLabel(value: number, basis: UsageCostBasis): string {
+  if (isUnknownCostBasis(basis)) return "사용률 미산정";
+  if (basis === "reference_upper_bound") return `≤${rateLabel(value)} 사용`;
+  if (basis === "partial") return `≥${rateLabel(value)} 사용`;
+  return `${rateLabel(value)} 사용`;
+}
+
 function rateLabel(value: number): string {
   if (!Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) return "0%";
   return `${(value * 100).toFixed(1).replace(/\.0$/, "")}%`;
@@ -61,6 +135,9 @@ function costBasisLabel(value?: string): string {
   if (value === "provider_estimate") return "SDK 추정";
   if (value === "provider_reported") return "Provider 보고";
   if (value === "reference_rate") return "참조단가";
+  if (value === "reference_upper_bound") return "참조 상한";
+  if (value === "partial") return "일부 산정";
+  if (value === "partial_upper_bound") return "일부 상한";
   if (value === "unavailable") return "미산정";
   return "기록값";
 }
@@ -85,13 +162,18 @@ function sourceLabel(usage: AdminUsageResponse): string {
   return usage.durable && usage.source === "database" ? "운영 DB 원장" : "서버 런타임 임시 집계";
 }
 
-function budgetStatusLabel(status: AdminUsageResponse["budget"]["status"]): string {
+function budgetStatusLabel(status: string): string {
   if (status === "exceeded") return "예산 초과";
   if (status === "warn") return "예산 주의";
   if (status === "ok") return "예산 정상";
+  if (status === "indeterminate") return "예산 미확정";
   return "예산 경고 비활성";
 }
 
+function budgetStatusClass(status?: string): string {
+  return status === "indeterminate" ? "disabled" : status ?? "disabled";
+}
+
 function healthStatusLabel(status?: string): string {
   if (status === "ok") return "정상";
   if (status === "down") return "중단";
@@ -229,8 +311,15 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
     }
   };
 
+  const usageCostBasis = readCostBasis(usage);
+  const budgetCostBasis = readCostBasis(usage?.budget, usageCostBasis);
   const daily = usage?.daily_cost ?? [];
-  const maxDailyCost = Math.max(0, ...daily.map((item) => item.cost_usd));
+  const maxDailyCost = Math.max(
+    0,
+    ...daily
+      .filter((item) => !isUnknownCostBasis(readCostBasis(item, usageCostBasis)))
+      .map((item) => item.cost_usd),
+  );
   const totalTokens = (usage?.tokens_in ?? 0) + (usage?.tokens_out ?? 0);
   const dbCoverage = usage && usage.total_turns > 0 ? usage.metered_turns / usage.total_turns : 0;
   const unmeteredTurns = usage ? Math.max(0, usage.total_turns - usage.metered_turns) : 0;
@@ -238,6 +327,12 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
   const tokenUnmeteredTurns = usage?.token_unmetered_turns ?? 0;
   const costPerTurn = usage && usage.metered_turns > 0 ? usage.cost_usd / usage.metered_turns : 0;
   const costPerThousandTokens = usage && totalTokens > 0 ? (usage.cost_usd / totalTokens) * 1000 : 0;
+  const canShowCostAverage =
+    isExactCostBasis(usageCostBasis) || usageCostBasis === "reference_upper_bound";
+  const canShowCostShare = isExactCostBasis(usageCostBasis);
+  const budgetEnabled = Boolean(usage && usage.budget.status !== "disabled");
+  const budgetRate = usage?.budget.used_ratio ?? 0;
+  const budgetRateText = budgetRateLabel(budgetRate, budgetCostBasis);
   const engineService = health?.services.find((service) => service.key === "engine");
   const capabilityModels = capabilities?.models ?? [];
   const selectedModel = capabilityModels.find((model) => model.id === engine?.model);
@@ -316,12 +411,15 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
           <article>
             <span>누적 비용 추정</span>
             {/* 합계 금액은 소수 2자리, 원본 정밀도는 title 로 남긴다. */}
-            <b title={usage ? costTitle(usage.cost_usd) : undefined}>
+            <b title={usage ? costTitleWithBasis(usage.cost_usd, usageCostBasis) : undefined}>
-              {usage ? costLabel(usage.cost_usd) : "—"}
+              {usage ? costWithBasis(usage.cost_usd, usageCostBasis) : "—"}
             </b>
             <small>
               {usage
-                ? `기록 ${costLabel(usage.recorded_cost_usd ?? usage.cost_usd)} · 참조 ${costLabel(usage.estimated_cost_usd ?? 0)}`
+                ? `기록 ${costLabel(usage.recorded_cost_usd ?? usage.cost_usd)} · 참조 ${costWithBasis(
+                    usage.estimated_cost_usd ?? 0,
+                    usageCostBasis,
+                  )} · ${costBasisLabel(usageCostBasis)}`
                 : `${windowDays}일 DB 집계`}
             </small>
           </article>
@@ -343,11 +441,27 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
           <article>
             <span>호출당 비용</span>
             {/* 단가는 2자리면 0이 되므로 4자리. 원본 정밀도는 title. */}
-            <b title={usage ? costTitle(costPerTurn) : undefined}>
+            <b
-              {usage ? costLabel(costPerTurn, 4) : "—"}
+              title={
+                usage && canShowCostAverage
+                  ? costTitleWithBasis(costPerTurn, usageCostBasis)
+                  : undefined
+              }
+            >
+              {usage && canShowCostAverage ? costWithBasis(costPerTurn, usageCostBasis, 4) : "—"}
             </b>
-            <small title={usage && totalTokens > 0 ? costTitle(costPerThousandTokens) : undefined}>
+            <small
-              1천 토큰당 {usage ? (totalTokens > 0 && tokenUnmeteredTurns === 0 ? costLabel(costPerThousandTokens, 4) : "부분 계량") : "—"}
+              title={
+                usage && totalTokens > 0 && tokenUnmeteredTurns === 0 && canShowCostAverage
+                  ? costTitleWithBasis(costPerThousandTokens, usageCostBasis)
+                  : undefined
+              }
+            >
+              1천 토큰당 {usage
+                ? totalTokens > 0 && tokenUnmeteredTurns === 0 && canShowCostAverage
+                  ? costWithBasis(costPerThousandTokens, usageCostBasis, 4)
+                  : "—"
+                : "—"}
             </small>
           </article>
         </section>
@@ -361,7 +475,7 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
                   <span className="aic-eyebrow">예산 관리</span>
                   <h2>예산과 계량 커버리지</h2>
                 </div>
-                <span className={`aic-status aic-status--${usage?.budget.status ?? "disabled"}`}>
+                <span className={`aic-status aic-status--${budgetStatusClass(usage?.budget.status)}`}>
                   {usage ? budgetStatusLabel(usage.budget.status) : "확인 중"}
                 </span>
               </div>
@@ -371,29 +485,40 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
                     <span>예산 사용</span>
                     <b
                       title={
-                        usage && usage.budget.status !== "disabled"
+                        budgetEnabled && usage
-                          ? `${costTitle(usage.cost_usd)} / ${costTitle(usage.budget.limit_usd)}`
+                          ? `${costTitleWithBasis(usage.cost_usd, budgetCostBasis)} / ${costTitle(
+                              usage.budget.limit_usd,
+                            )}`
                           : undefined
                       }
                     >
                       {usage?.budget.status === "disabled"
                         ? "한도 미설정"
-                        : `${costLabel(usage?.cost_usd ?? 0)} / ${costLabel(usage?.budget.limit_usd ?? 0)}`}
+                        : `${costWithBasis(usage?.cost_usd ?? 0, budgetCostBasis)} / ${costLabel(
+                            usage?.budget.limit_usd ?? 0,
+                          )}`}
                     </b>
                   </div>
-                  <div className="aic-track" aria-label={`예산 사용률 ${rateLabel(usage?.budget.used_ratio ?? 0)}`}>
+                  <div
-                    <span style={{ width: `${Math.min(100, (usage?.budget.used_ratio ?? 0) * 100)}%` }} />
+                    className="aic-track"
+                    aria-label={budgetEnabled ? `예산 ${budgetRateText}` : "예산 사용률 0%"}
+                  >
+                    <span
+                      style={{
+                        width: `${isUnknownCostBasis(budgetCostBasis) ? 0 : Math.min(100, budgetRate * 100)}%`,
+                      }}
+                    />
                   </div>
                   <p
                     title={
-                      usage && usage.budget.status !== "disabled"
+                      budgetEnabled && usage
-                        ? `잔여 ${costTitle(usage.budget.remaining_usd ?? 0)}`
+                        ? budgetRemainingLabel(usage.budget.remaining_usd, budgetCostBasis)
                         : undefined
                     }
                   >
                     {usage?.budget.status === "disabled"
                       ? "서버의 ADMIN_USAGE_BUDGET_USD를 설정하면 80% 주의와 100% 초과 상태를 표시합니다."
-                      : `잔여 ${costLabel(usage?.budget.remaining_usd ?? 0)} · ${rateLabel(usage?.budget.used_ratio ?? 0)} 사용`}
+                      : `${budgetRemainingLabel(usage?.budget.remaining_usd, budgetCostBasis)} · ${budgetRateText}`}
                   </p>
                 </div>
                 <div>
@@ -426,11 +551,21 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
               {daily.length > 0 ? (
                 <div className="aic-chart" role="img" aria-label={`${windowDays}일 일별 AI 비용 막대 차트`}>
                   {daily.map((item) => {
-                    const height = maxDailyCost > 0 ? Math.max(3, (item.cost_usd / maxDailyCost) * 100) : 3;
+                    const itemCostBasis = readCostBasis(item, usageCostBasis);
+                    const height =
+                      maxDailyCost > 0 && !isUnknownCostBasis(itemCostBasis)
+                        ? Math.max(3, (item.cost_usd / maxDailyCost) * 100)
+                        : 3;
                     return (
                       // 막대 위 라벨은 일별 합계라 소수 2자리, 원본 정밀도는 title 로 남긴다.
-                      <div className="aic-chart__day" key={item.day} title={`${item.day} ${costTitle(item.cost_usd)}`}>
+                      <div
-                        <span className="aic-chart__value">{costLabel(item.cost_usd)}</span>
+                        className="aic-chart__day"
+                        key={item.day}
+                        title={`${item.day} ${costTitleWithBasis(item.cost_usd, itemCostBasis)} · ${costBasisLabel(itemCostBasis)}`}
+                      >
+                        <span className="aic-chart__value">
+                          {costWithBasis(item.cost_usd, itemCostBasis)}
+                        </span>
                         <span className="aic-chart__rail">
                           <span className="aic-chart__bar" style={{ height: `${height}%` }} />
                         </span>
@@ -468,48 +603,83 @@ export default function AdminAi() {
                       </tr>
                     </thead>
                     <tbody>
-                      {sortedBreakdown.map((row) => (
+                      {sortedBreakdown.map((row) => {
-                        <tr key={`${row.provider}:${row.model}`}>
+                        const rowCostBasis = readCostBasis(row, usageCostBasis);
-                          <td>
+                        const canShowRowAverage =
-                            <b>{row.model}</b>
+                          isExactCostBasis(rowCostBasis) || rowCostBasis === "reference_upper_bound";
-                            <span>{row.provider}</span>
+                        const showRowShare = canShowCostShare && isExactCostBasis(rowCostBasis);
-                          </td>
+                        const costShare =
-                          <td>{countLabel(row.turns)}</td>
+                          showRowShare && usage && usage.cost_usd > 0
-                          <td className="aic-token-cell">
+                            ? row.cost_usd / usage.cost_usd
-                            <span>{row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? countLabel(row.tokens_in) : "미계량"}</span>
+                            : 0;
-                            {row.token_unmetered_turns > 0 && row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? (
+                        return (
-                              <small>{countLabel(row.token_metered_turns)}/{countLabel(row.turns)}회</small>
+                          <tr key={`${row.provider}:${row.model}`}>
-                            ) : null}
+                            <td>
-                          </td>
+                              <b>{row.model}</b>
-                          <td className="aic-token-cell">
+                              <span>{row.provider}</span>
-                            <span>{row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? countLabel(row.tokens_out) : "미계량"}</span>
+                            </td>
-                            {row.token_unmetered_turns > 0 && row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? (
+                            <td>{countLabel(row.turns)}</td>
-                              <small>{countLabel(row.token_metered_turns)}/{countLabel(row.turns)}회</small>
+                            <td className="aic-token-cell">
-                            ) : null}
+                              <span>
-                          </td>
+                                {row.token_metered_turns > 0
-                          {/* 비용 미보고 모델은 공식 참조단가 추정임을 숫자와 함께 명시한다. */}
+                                  ? countLabel(row.tokens_in)
-                          <td
+                                  : "미계량"}
-                            className="aic-cost-cell"
+                              </span>
-                            title={row.rate_label ?? costTitle(row.cost_usd)}
+                              {row.token_unmetered_turns > 0 && row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? (
-                          >
+                                <small>
-                            <span>
+                                  {countLabel(row.token_metered_turns)}/{countLabel(row.turns)}회
-                              {row.cost_basis === "unavailable" ? "미산정" : costLabel(row.cost_usd)}
+                                </small>
-                            </span>
+                              ) : null}
-                            <small>{costBasisLabel(row.cost_basis)}</small>
+                            </td>
-                          </td>
+                            <td className="aic-token-cell">
-                          <td title={costTitle(row.turns > 0 ? row.cost_usd / row.turns : 0)}>
+                              <span>
-                            {row.cost_basis === "unavailable"
+                                {row.token_metered_turns > 0
-                              ? "—"
+                                  ? countLabel(row.tokens_out)
-                              : costLabel(row.turns > 0 ? row.cost_usd / row.turns : 0, 4)}
+                                  : "미계량"}
-                          </td>
+                              </span>
-                          <td>
+                              {row.token_unmetered_turns > 0 && row.token_metered_turns > 0 ? (
-                            <span className="aic-share">
+                                <small>
-                              <span style={{ width: `${usage && usage.cost_usd > 0 ? (row.cost_usd / usage.cost_usd) * 100 : 0}%` }} />
+                                  {countLabel(row.token_metered_turns)}/{countLabel(row.turns)}회
-                            </span>
+                                </small>
-                            {rateLabel(usage && usage.cost_usd > 0 ? row.cost_usd / usage.cost_usd : 0)}
+                              ) : null}
-                          </td>
+                            </td>
-                        </tr>
+                            {/* 비용 미보고 모델은 공식 참조단가 추정임을 숫자와 함께 명시한다. */}
-                      ))}
+                            <td
+                              className="aic-cost-cell"
+                              title={
+                                row.rate_label ?? costTitleWithBasis(row.cost_usd, rowCostBasis)
+                              }
+                            >
+                              <span>{costWithBasis(row.cost_usd, rowCostBasis)}</span>
+                              <small>{costBasisLabel(rowCostBasis)}</small>
+                            </td>
+                            <td
+                              title={
+                                canShowRowAverage
+                                  ? costTitleWithBasis(
+                                      row.turns > 0 ? row.cost_usd / row.turns : 0,
+                                      rowCostBasis,
+                                    )
+                                  : undefined
+                              }
+                            >
+                              {canShowRowAverage
+                                ? costWithBasis(
+                                    row.turns > 0 ? row.cost_usd / row.turns : 0,
+                                    rowCostBasis,
+                                    4,
+                                  )
+                                : "—"}
+                            </td>
+                            <td>
+                              <span className="aic-share">
+                                <span style={{ width: `${costShare * 100}%` }} />
+                              </span>
+                              {showRowShare ? rateLabel(costShare) : "—"}
+                            </td>
+                          </tr>
+                        );
+                      })}
                     </tbody>
                   </table>
                 </div>

apps/web/src/pages/admin/ContinuousImprovementCockpit.tsx

@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ type GateItem =
   | { kind: "model_change_gate"; value: ModelChangeGateView }
   | { kind: "release_gate"; value: ReleaseGateView };
 
+type ApprovalDecision = HumanApprovalRequest["decision"];
+type DecisionIntent = "approve" | "hold" | "reject";
+
 function shortId(value: string, length = 10): string {
   return value.length > length ? `${value.slice(0, length)}…` : value;
 }
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ function gateTitle(item: GateItem): string {
   return `릴리스 ${item.value.release_id}`;
 }
 
-function gateDecision(item: GateItem): HumanApprovalRequest["decision"] {
+function computedGateDecision(item: GateItem): ApprovalDecision {
   if (item.kind === "release_gate") {
     return item.value.qualified ? "approve_promotion" : "reject";
   }
@@ -85,6 +88,43 @@ function gateDecision(item: GateItem): HumanApprovalRequest["decision"] {
   return "keep_quarantine";
 }
 
+function gateApprovalDecision(item: GateItem): ApprovalDecision {
+  if (item.kind === "model_change_gate" && item.value.gate_decision === "rollback") {
+    return "authorize_rollback";
+  }
+  return "approve_promotion";
+}
+
+function gateApprovalCandidateReady(item: GateItem): boolean {
+  if (item.kind === "release_gate") return item.value.qualified;
+  return item.value.gate_decision !== "quarantine";
+}
+
+function decisionIntent(
+  decision: ApprovalDecision | undefined,
+  approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision,
+): DecisionIntent | null {
+  if (decision === approvalDecision) return "approve";
+  if (decision === "keep_quarantine") return "hold";
+  if (decision === "reject") return "reject";
+  return null;
+}
+
+function decisionIntentLabel(intent: DecisionIntent | null): string {
+  if (intent === "approve") return "승인";
+  if (intent === "hold") return "보류";
+  if (intent === "reject") return "반려";
+  return "결정";
+}
+
+function recordedDecisionLabel(decision: ApprovalDecision): string {
+  if (decision === "approve_content") return "콘텐츠 승인 원장 기록됨";
+  if (decision === "approve_promotion") return "승격 승인 원장 기록됨";
+  if (decision === "authorize_rollback") return "롤백 승인 원장 기록됨";
+  if (decision === "keep_quarantine") return "보류 원장 기록됨";
+  return "반려 원장 기록됨";
+}
+
 function decisionLabel(item: GateItem): string {
   if (item.kind === "release_gate") {
     return item.value.qualified ? "승격 후보" : "게이트 미통과";
@@ -94,12 +134,23 @@ function decisionLabel(item: GateItem): string {
   return "격리 유지";
 }
 
-function actionLabel(item: GateItem): string {
+function submitLabel(intent: DecisionIntent | null, approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision): string {
-  const decision = gateDecision(item);
+  if (intent === "approve" && approvalDecision === "authorize_rollback") return "롤백 승인 기록";
-  if (decision === "approve_promotion") return "사람 승인 기록";
+  if (intent === "approve") return "승인 기록";
-  if (decision === "authorize_rollback") return "롤백 승인 기록";
+  if (intent === "hold") return "보류 기록";
-  if (decision === "keep_quarantine") return "격리 결정 기록";
+  if (intent === "reject") return "반려 기록";
-  return "거부 결정 기록";
+  return "결정 선택 필요";
+}
+
+function submitVariant(
+  intent: DecisionIntent | null,
+  approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision,
+): "primary" | "secondary" | "danger" {
+  if (intent === "reject" || (intent === "approve" && approvalDecision === "authorize_rollback")) {
+    return "danger";
+  }
+  if (intent === "hold") return "secondary";
+  return "primary";
 }
 
 function artifactsFor(
@@ -174,19 +225,100 @@ function ArtifactRail({ artifacts }: { artifacts: GateArtifactView[] }) {
   );
 }
 
+function DecisionSelector({
+  name,
+  decision,
+  approvalDecision,
+  approvalDescription,
+  approvalAllowed,
+  approvalBlockedReason,
+  onChange,
+}: {
+  name: string;
+  decision: ApprovalDecision | undefined;
+  approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision;
+  approvalDescription: string;
+  approvalAllowed: boolean;
+  approvalBlockedReason: string;
+  onChange: (decision: ApprovalDecision) => void;
+}) {
+  const options: Array<{
+    intent: DecisionIntent;
+    value: ApprovalDecision;
+    label: string;
+    description: string;
+  }> = [
+    {
+      intent: "approve",
+      value: approvalDecision,
+      label: "승인",
+      description: approvalAllowed ? approvalDescription : approvalBlockedReason,
+    },
+    {
+      intent: "hold",
+      value: "keep_quarantine",
+      label: "보류",
+      description: "격리 상태를 유지하고 재검토",
+    },
+    {
+      intent: "reject",
+      value: "reject",
+      label: "반려",
+      description: "후보를 반려하고 원장에 기록",
+    },
+  ];
+
+  return (
+    <fieldset className="cic-decision-picker">
+      <legend>사람 결정</legend>
+      <div className="cic-decision-options">
+        {options.map((option) => {
+          const disabled = option.intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed;
+          const descriptionId = `${name}-${option.intent}-description`;
+          return (
+            <label
+              className={`cic-decision-option is-${option.intent} ${
+                decision === option.value ? "is-selected" : ""
+              } ${disabled ? "is-disabled" : ""}`}
+              key={option.intent}
+            >
+              <input
+                type="radio"
+                name={name}
+                value={option.value}
+                checked={decision === option.value}
+                disabled={disabled}
+                aria-label={option.label}
+                aria-describedby={descriptionId}
+                onChange={() => onChange(option.value)}
+              />
+              <strong>{option.label}</strong>
+              <small id={descriptionId}>{option.description}</small>
+            </label>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+    </fieldset>
+  );
+}
+
 function ContentQualificationCard({
   item,
   view,
+  decision,
   reason,
+  onDecisionChange,
   onReasonChange,
-  onApprove,
+  onSubmit,
   approving,
 }: {
   item: ContentQualificationView;
   view: ContinuousImprovementViewResponse;
+  decision: ApprovalDecision | undefined;
   reason: string;
+  onDecisionChange: (decision: ApprovalDecision) => void;
   onReasonChange: (value: string) => void;
-  onApprove: () => void;
+  onSubmit: () => void;
   approving: boolean;
 }) {
   const payload = item.draft_payload;
@@ -200,19 +332,33 @@ function ContentQualificationCard({
   );
   const boundarySafe = isBoundarySafe(view);
   const evidenceReady = item.source_provenance_uris.length > 0;
-  const canApprove =
+  const approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision = "approve_content";
-    boundarySafe && Boolean(payload) && evidenceReady && !approval && !catalog && reason.trim().length > 0;
+  const approvalAllowed = boundarySafe && Boolean(payload) && evidenceReady && !catalog;
+  const intent = decisionIntent(decision, approvalDecision);
+  const canSubmit =
+    Boolean(intent) &&
+    !approval &&
+    !catalog &&
+    reason.trim().length > 0 &&
+    (intent !== "approve" || approvalAllowed);
   const requirementId = `content-approval-requirement-${item.qualification_id}`;
   const titleId = `content-qualification-title-${item.qualification_id}`;
-  const blockedReason = !boundarySafe
+  const approvalBlockedReason = !boundarySafe
     ? "데이터 경계 위반으로 승인 차단"
     : !payload
       ? "검수 가능한 visible payload가 없어 승인 차단"
       : !evidenceReady
         ? "repo provenance가 없어 승인 차단"
+        : "승인 조건 충족";
+  const requirementCopy = catalog
+    ? "이미 카탈로그에 반영되어 추가 결정을 기록할 수 없음"
+    : !intent
+      ? "승인·보류·반려 중 하나를 명시적으로 선택해야 함"
+      : intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed
+        ? approvalBlockedReason
         : !reason.trim()
-          ? "승인 사유를 먼저 입력해야 함"
+          ? `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 사유를 먼저 입력해야 함`
-          : "visible payload와 repo provenance 검토 준비됨";
+          : `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 결정과 사유를 append-only 원장에 기록할 준비됨`;
 
   return (
     <article
@@ -294,9 +440,12 @@ function ContentQualificationCard({
 
       {approval ? (
         <div className="cic-effect" role="status">
-          <Icon name={catalog ? "check" : "alert"} size={17} />
+          <Icon
+            name={approval.decision === "reject" ? "alert" : catalog ? "check" : "shield"}
+            size={17}
+          />
           <div>
-            <strong>{catalog ? "카탈로그 승인 원장 기록됨" : "후보 결정 원장 기록됨"}</strong>
+            <strong>{recordedDecisionLabel(approval.decision)}</strong>
             <span>
               {approval.decision} · {dateTimeLabel(approval.created_at)}
             </span>
@@ -307,14 +456,27 @@ function ContentQualificationCard({
           className="cic-approval-form"
           onSubmit={(event) => {
             event.preventDefault();
-            if (canApprove && !approving) onApprove();
+            if (canSubmit && !approving) onSubmit();
           }}
         >
-          <label htmlFor={`content-reason-${item.qualification_id}`}>
+          <DecisionSelector
-            <span>콘텐츠 승인 사유</span>
+            name={`content-decision-${item.qualification_id}`}
+            decision={decision}
+            approvalDecision={approvalDecision}
+            approvalDescription="카탈로그 게시를 승인"
+            approvalAllowed={approvalAllowed}
+            approvalBlockedReason={approvalBlockedReason}
+            onChange={onDecisionChange}
+          />
+          <label
+            className="cic-approval-reason"
+            htmlFor={`content-reason-${item.qualification_id}`}
+          >
+            <span>콘텐츠 결정 사유</span>
             <input
+              type="text"
               id={`content-reason-${item.qualification_id}`}
-              name={`content-approval-reason-${item.qualification_id}`}
+              name={`content-decision-reason-${item.qualification_id}`}
               value={reason}
               onChange={(event) => onReasonChange(event.target.value)}
               aria-describedby={requirementId}
@@ -325,18 +487,18 @@ function ContentQualificationCard({
           </label>
           <Button
             size="sm"
-            variant="primary"
+            variant={submitVariant(intent, approvalDecision)}
             type="submit"
-            disabled={!canApprove || approving}
+            disabled={!canSubmit || approving}
             aria-describedby={requirementId}
           >
-            {approving ? "승인 원장 기록 중…" : "카탈로그 승인"}
+            {approving ? "결정 기록 중…" : submitLabel(intent, approvalDecision)}
           </Button>
           <p
             id={requirementId}
-            className={`cic-approval-requirement ${canApprove ? "is-ready" : !boundarySafe ? "is-blocked" : ""}`}
+            className={`cic-approval-requirement ${canSubmit ? "is-ready" : intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed ? "is-blocked" : ""}`}
           >
-            {blockedReason}
+            {requirementCopy}
           </p>
         </form>
       )}
@@ -346,15 +508,19 @@ function ContentQualificationCard({
 
 function PipelineSection({
   view,
+  decisions,
   reasons,
+  setDecision,
   setReason,
-  approve,
+  submit,
   approvingId,
 }: {
   view: ContinuousImprovementViewResponse;
+  decisions: Partial<Record<string, ApprovalDecision>>;
   reasons: Record<string, string>;
+  setDecision: (id: string, decision: ApprovalDecision) => void;
   setReason: (id: string, value: string) => void;
-  approve: (item: ContentQualificationView) => void;
+  submit: (item: ContentQualificationView) => void;
   approvingId: string | null;
 }) {
   const latest = view.content_qualifications.slice(0, 4);
@@ -399,9 +565,11 @@ function PipelineSection({
               key={item.qualification_id}
               item={item}
               view={view}
+              decision={decisions[item.qualification_id]}
               reason={reasons[item.qualification_id] ?? ""}
+              onDecisionChange={(decision) => setDecision(item.qualification_id, decision)}
               onReasonChange={(value) => setReason(item.qualification_id, value)}
-              onApprove={() => approve(item)}
+              onSubmit={() => submit(item)}
               approving={approvingId === item.qualification_id}
             />
           ))}
@@ -414,17 +582,21 @@ function PipelineSection({
 function GateCard({
   item,
   view,
+  decision,
   reason,
+  onDecisionChange,
   onReasonChange,
-  onApprove,
+  onSubmit,
   approving,
   boundarySafe,
 }: {
   item: GateItem;
   view: ContinuousImprovementViewResponse;
+  decision: ApprovalDecision | undefined;
   reason: string;
+  onDecisionChange: (decision: ApprovalDecision) => void;
   onReasonChange: (value: string) => void;
-  onApprove: () => void;
+  onSubmit: () => void;
   approving: boolean;
   boundarySafe: boolean;
 }) {
@@ -437,16 +609,32 @@ function GateCard({
   const effect = view.lifecycle_events.find(
     (event) => event.target_kind === item.kind && event.target_id === id,
   );
-  const canSubmit = boundarySafe && complete && !approval && reason.trim().length > 0;
+  const approvalDecision = gateApprovalDecision(item);
-  const blockedReason = !boundarySafe
+  const approvalCandidateReady = gateApprovalCandidateReady(item);
+  const approvalAllowed = boundarySafe && complete && approvalCandidateReady;
+  const intent = decisionIntent(decision, approvalDecision);
+  const canSubmit =
+    Boolean(intent) &&
+    !approval &&
+    reason.trim().length > 0 &&
+    (intent !== "approve" || approvalAllowed);
+  const approvalBlockedReason = !boundarySafe
     ? "데이터 경계 위반으로 승인 차단"
     : !complete
-      ? "필수 증거 4종이 모두 있어야 기록 가능"
+      ? "필수 증거 4종 미완료로 승인 차단"
-      : !reason.trim()
+      : !approvalCandidateReady
-        ? "승인 사유를 먼저 입력해야 함"
+        ? item.kind === "release_gate"
-        : undefined;
+          ? "계산 게이트 미통과로 승격 승인 차단"
+          : "계산 결과가 격리 유지라 승격 승인 차단"
+        : "승인 조건 충족";
   const requirementId = `approval-requirement-${id}`;
-  const requirementCopy = blockedReason ?? "증거 4종과 승인 사유가 준비됨";
+  const requirementCopy = !intent
+    ? "승인·보류·반려 중 하나를 명시적으로 선택해야 함"
+    : intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed
+      ? approvalBlockedReason
+      : !reason.trim()
+        ? `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 사유를 먼저 입력해야 함`
+        : `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 결정과 사유를 append-only 원장에 기록할 준비됨`;
 
   return (
     <article className="cic-gate-card" data-gate-id={id}>
@@ -458,7 +646,7 @@ function GateCard({
           <h3>{gateTitle(item)}</h3>
           <code>{shortId(id, 14)}</code>
         </div>
-        <span className={`cic-decision cic-decision--${gateDecision(item)}`}>
+        <span className={`cic-decision cic-decision--${computedGateDecision(item)}`}>
           {decisionLabel(item)}
         </span>
       </header>
@@ -475,9 +663,12 @@ function GateCard({
 
       {approval ? (
         <div className="cic-effect" role="status">
-          <Icon name="check" size={17} />
+          <Icon
+            name={approval.decision === "reject" ? "alert" : approval.decision === "keep_quarantine" ? "shield" : "check"}
+            size={17}
+          />
           <div>
-            <strong>append-only 승인 원장 기록됨</strong>
+            <strong>{recordedDecisionLabel(approval.decision)}</strong>
             <span>
               {approval.decision} · {dateTimeLabel(approval.created_at)}
               {effect ? ` · effect ${shortId(effect.lifecycle_event_id, 8)}` : ""}
@@ -489,14 +680,26 @@ function GateCard({
           className="cic-approval-form"
           onSubmit={(event) => {
             event.preventDefault();
-            if (canSubmit && !approving) onApprove();
+            if (canSubmit && !approving) onSubmit();
           }}
         >
-          <label htmlFor={`reason-${id}`}>
+          <DecisionSelector
-            <span>사람 승인 사유</span>
+            name={`gate-decision-${item.kind}-${id}`}
+            decision={decision}
+            approvalDecision={approvalDecision}
+            approvalDescription={
+              approvalDecision === "authorize_rollback" ? "롤백 실행을 승인" : "승격 효과를 승인"
+            }
+            approvalAllowed={approvalAllowed}
+            approvalBlockedReason={approvalBlockedReason}
+            onChange={onDecisionChange}
+          />
+          <label className="cic-approval-reason" htmlFor={`reason-${id}`}>
+            <span>사람 결정 사유</span>
             <input
+              type="text"
               id={`reason-${id}`}
-              name={`approval-reason-${id}`}
+              name={`decision-reason-${id}`}
               value={reason}
               onChange={(event) => onReasonChange(event.target.value)}
               aria-describedby={requirementId}
@@ -507,16 +710,16 @@ function GateCard({
           </label>
           <Button
             size="sm"
-            variant={gateDecision(item) === "authorize_rollback" ? "danger" : "primary"}
+            variant={submitVariant(intent, approvalDecision)}
             type="submit"
             disabled={!canSubmit || approving}
             aria-describedby={requirementId}
           >
-            {approving ? "원장 기록 중…" : complete ? actionLabel(item) : "증거 4종 미완료"}
+            {approving ? "결정 기록 중…" : submitLabel(intent, approvalDecision)}
           </Button>
           <p
             id={requirementId}
-            className={`cic-approval-requirement ${!boundarySafe ? "is-blocked" : canSubmit ? "is-ready" : ""}`}
+            className={`cic-approval-requirement ${canSubmit ? "is-ready" : intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed ? "is-blocked" : ""}`}
           >
             {requirementCopy}
           </p>
@@ -528,15 +731,19 @@ function GateCard({
 
 function GateSection({
   view,
+  decisions,
   reasons,
+  setDecision,
   setReason,
-  approve,
+  submit,
   approvingId,
 }: {
   view: ContinuousImprovementViewResponse;
+  decisions: Partial<Record<string, ApprovalDecision>>;
   reasons: Record<string, string>;
+  setDecision: (id: string, decision: ApprovalDecision) => void;
   setReason: (id: string, value: string) => void;
-  approve: (item: GateItem) => void;
+  submit: (item: GateItem) => void;
   approvingId: string | null;
 }) {
   const items: GateItem[] = [
@@ -572,9 +779,11 @@ function GateSection({
               key={`${item.kind}:${gateId(item)}`}
               item={item}
               view={view}
+              decision={decisions[gateId(item)]}
               reason={reasons[gateId(item)] ?? ""}
+              onDecisionChange={(decision) => setDecision(gateId(item), decision)}
               onReasonChange={(value) => setReason(gateId(item), value)}
-              onApprove={() => approve(item)}
+              onSubmit={() => submit(item)}
               approving={approvingId === gateId(item)}
               boundarySafe={boundarySafe}
             />
@@ -704,6 +913,7 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [notice, setNotice] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [approvingId, setApprovingId] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [decisions, setDecisions] = useState<Partial<Record<string, ApprovalDecision>>>({});
   const [reasons, setReasons] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
 
   const load = useCallback(async (signal?: AbortSignal) => {
@@ -726,49 +936,68 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
     return () => controller.abort();
   }, [load]);
 
-  const approve = useCallback(
+  const recordGateDecision = useCallback(
     async (item: GateItem) => {
       if (!view) return;
       const id = gateId(item);
       const artifacts = artifactsFor(view, item.kind, id);
+      const approvalDecision = gateApprovalDecision(item);
+      const decision = decisions[id];
+      const intent = decisionIntent(decision, approvalDecision);
       const reason = reasons[id]?.trim() ?? "";
       const alreadyApproved = view.approvals.some(
         (candidate) => candidate.target_kind === item.kind && candidate.target_id === id,
       );
-      if (!isBoundarySafe(view) || !hasCompleteArtifacts(artifacts) || alreadyApproved || !reason) {
+      const approvalAllowed =
+        isBoundarySafe(view) && hasCompleteArtifacts(artifacts) && gateApprovalCandidateReady(item);
+      if (!decision || !intent || alreadyApproved || !reason || (intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed)) {
         return;
       }
       setApprovingId(id);
       setError(null);
       setNotice(null);
       try {
-        const evidenceRefs = [...new Set(artifacts.map((artifact) => artifact.provenance_uri))];
+        const artifactEvidenceRefs = [
+          ...new Set(artifacts.map((artifact) => artifact.provenance_uri)),
+        ];
+        const evidenceRefs =
+          artifactEvidenceRefs.length > 0
+            ? artifactEvidenceRefs
+            : [`audit://continuous-improvement/human-review/${id}`];
         const result = await continuousImprovementApi.appendApproval({
           submission_id: randomUuid(),
           approval_event_id: randomUuid(),
           effect_record_id: randomUuid(),
           target_kind: item.kind,
           target_id: id,
-          decision: gateDecision(item),
+          decision,
           reason_code: reason,
           evidence_refs: evidenceRefs,
         });
-        setNotice(`append-only 승인과 효과 ${shortId(result.effect_record_id, 8)} 기록 완료`);
+        setNotice(
+          intent === "approve"
+            ? `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)}과 append-only 효과 ${shortId(result.effect_record_id, 8)} 기록 완료`
+            : `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 결정을 append-only 원장에 기록 완료`,
+        );
+        setDecisions((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: undefined }));
         setReasons((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: "" }));
         await load();
       } catch (cause) {
-        setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "승인 원장을 기록하지 못했어.");
+        setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "사람 결정 원장을 기록하지 못했어.");
       } finally {
         setApprovingId(null);
       }
     },
-    [load, reasons, view],
+    [decisions, load, reasons, view],
   );
 
-  const approveQualification = useCallback(
+  const recordContentDecision = useCallback(
     async (item: ContentQualificationView) => {
       if (!view) return;
       const id = item.qualification_id;
+      const approvalDecision: ApprovalDecision = "approve_content";
+      const decision = decisions[id];
+      const intent = decisionIntent(decision, approvalDecision);
       const reason = reasons[id]?.trim() ?? "";
       const alreadyApproved = view.approvals.some(
         (candidate) =>
@@ -777,13 +1006,15 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
       const alreadyCataloged = view.catalog_entries.some(
         (candidate) => candidate.qualification_id === id,
       );
+      const approvalAllowed =
+        isBoundarySafe(view) && Boolean(item.draft_payload) && item.source_provenance_uris.length > 0;
       if (
-        !isBoundarySafe(view) ||
+        !decision ||
-        !item.draft_payload ||
+        !intent ||
-        item.source_provenance_uris.length === 0 ||
         alreadyApproved ||
         alreadyCataloged ||
-        !reason
+        !reason ||
+        (intent === "approve" && !approvalAllowed)
       ) {
         return;
       }
@@ -803,20 +1034,25 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
           effect_record_id: randomUuid(),
           target_kind: "content_qualification",
           target_id: id,
-          decision: "approve_content",
+          decision,
           reason_code: reason,
           evidence_refs: evidenceRefs,
         });
-        setNotice(`카탈로그 승인과 append-only 효과 ${shortId(result.effect_record_id, 8)} 기록 완료`);
+        setNotice(
+          intent === "approve"
+            ? `콘텐츠 승인과 append-only 효과 ${shortId(result.effect_record_id, 8)} 기록 완료`
+            : `${decisionIntentLabel(intent)} 결정을 append-only 원장에 기록 완료`,
+        );
+        setDecisions((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: undefined }));
         setReasons((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: "" }));
         await load();
       } catch (cause) {
-        setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "콘텐츠 승인 원장을 기록하지 못했어.");
+        setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "콘텐츠 결정 원장을 기록하지 못했어.");
       } finally {
         setApprovingId(null);
       }
     },
-    [load, reasons, view],
+    [decisions, load, reasons, view],
   );
 
   const orderedEvents = useMemo(
@@ -853,7 +1089,12 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
   }
 
   return (
-    <div className="cic" data-testid="continuous-improvement-cockpit" aria-busy={loading}>
+    <div
+      className="cic"
+      data-testid="continuous-improvement-cockpit"
+      data-vignette-admin-root="true"
+      aria-busy={loading}
+    >
       <header className="cic-hero">
         <div>
           <Kicker>관리자 · CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OS</Kicker>
@@ -890,16 +1131,24 @@ export function ContinuousImprovementCockpit() {
       <BoundaryStrip view={view} />
       <PipelineSection
         view={view}
+        decisions={decisions}
         reasons={reasons}
+        setDecision={(id, decision) =>
+          setDecisions((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: decision }))
+        }
         setReason={(id, value) => setReasons((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: value }))}
-        approve={(item) => void approveQualification(item)}
+        submit={(item) => void recordContentDecision(item)}
         approvingId={approvingId}
       />
       <GateSection
         view={view}
+        decisions={decisions}
         reasons={reasons}
+        setDecision={(id, decision) =>
+          setDecisions((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: decision }))
+        }
         setReason={(id, value) => setReasons((current) => ({ ...current, [id]: value }))}
-        approve={(item) => void approve(item)}
+        submit={(item) => void recordGateDecision(item)}
         approvingId={approvingId}
       />
 

apps/web/src/pages/admin/continuous-improvement.css

@@ -596,19 +596,108 @@
   gap: 10px;
 }
 
-.cic-approval-form label,
+.cic-decision-picker {
-.cic-approval-form label > span {
+  grid-column: 1 / -1;
-  display: block;
+  min-width: 0;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 0;
 }
 
-.cic-approval-form label > span {
+.cic-decision-picker legend,
+.cic-approval-form .cic-approval-reason > span {
   margin-bottom: 6px;
   color: var(--text-muted);
   font-size: 10px;
   font-weight: 700;
 }
 
-.cic-approval-form input {
+.cic-decision-options {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
+  gap: 8px;
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
+  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
+  column-gap: 8px;
+  align-items: center;
+  min-width: 0;
+  min-height: 48px;
+  padding: 7px 9px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-strong);
+  border-radius: 7px;
+  background: var(--bg-surface-2);
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option:focus-within {
+  border-color: var(--border-focus);
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--border-focus) 24%, transparent);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-selected.is-approve {
+  border-color: var(--accent-deep);
+  background: var(--accent-tint);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-selected.is-hold {
+  border-color: var(--warn-solid);
+  background: var(--warn-tint);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-selected.is-reject {
+  border-color: var(--crit-solid);
+  background: var(--crit-tint);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-disabled {
+  opacity: 0.68;
+  cursor: not-allowed;
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option input[type="radio"] {
+  grid-row: 1 / -1;
+  width: 16px;
+  height: 16px;
+  margin: 0;
+  accent-color: var(--accent-deep);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-hold input[type="radio"] {
+  accent-color: var(--warn-solid);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option.is-reject input[type="radio"] {
+  accent-color: var(--crit-solid);
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option strong,
+.cic-decision-option small {
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option strong {
+  color: var(--text-strong);
+  font-size: 11px;
+  line-height: 1.35;
+}
+
+.cic-decision-option small {
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+  font-size: 9px;
+  line-height: 1.4;
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+}
+
+.cic-approval-form .cic-approval-reason,
+.cic-approval-form .cic-approval-reason > span {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.cic-approval-form input[type="text"] {
   width: 100%;
   min-height: 34px;
   padding: 7px 9px;
@@ -621,7 +710,7 @@
   font-size: 12px;
 }
 
-.cic-approval-form input:focus-visible {
+.cic-approval-form input[type="text"]:focus-visible {
   border-color: var(--border-focus);
   box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--border-focus) 24%, transparent);
 }
@@ -1094,6 +1183,10 @@
     grid-template-columns: 1fr;
   }
 
+  .cic-decision-options {
+    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+  }
+
   .cic-approval-form .vg-btn {
     width: 100%;
   }

apps/web/src/pages/onboarding.css

@@ -12,6 +12,32 @@
   gap:var(--sp-6);
   padding:clamp(22px,4vw,44px);
 }
+.ob-account{
+  min-width:0;
+  display:flex;
+  align-items:center;
+  justify-content:space-between;
+  gap:var(--sp-3);
+  padding-bottom:var(--sp-4);
+  border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-subtle);
+}
+.ob-account__identity{
+  min-width:0;
+  display:grid;
+  gap:5px;
+}
+.ob-account__identity span{
+  color:var(--text-muted);
+  font-size:12px;
+  font-weight:730;
+}
+.ob-account__identity strong{
+  min-width:0;
+  color:var(--text-strong);
+  font-size:var(--fs-sm);
+  font-weight:760;
+  overflow-wrap:anywhere;
+}
 .ob-head{
   display:grid;
   gap:8px;
@@ -252,6 +278,13 @@
   .ob-page{
     padding:14px;
   }
+  .ob-account{
+    align-items:stretch;
+    flex-direction:column;
+  }
+  .ob-account .vg-btn{
+    width:100%;
+  }
   .ob-fields{
     grid-template-columns:1fr;
   }