designpaca/research/canvas/_raw/ex-webGLSetup.js

//
// creates a shader of the given type, uploads the source and
// compiles it.
//
function loadShader(gl, type, source) {
  const shader = gl.createShader(type);

  // Send the source to the shader object
  gl.shaderSource(shader, source);

  // Compile the shader program
  gl.compileShader(shader);

  // See if it compiled successfully
  if (!gl.getShaderParameter(shader, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) {
    alert(
      `An error occurred compiling the shaders: ${gl.getShaderInfoLog(shader)}`,
    );
    gl.deleteShader(shader);
    return null;
  }

  return shader;
}

//
// Initialize a shader program, so WebGL knows how to draw our data
//
function initShaderProgram(gl, vsSource, fsSource) {
  const vertexShader = loadShader(gl, gl.VERTEX_SHADER, vsSource);
  const fragmentShader = loadShader(gl, gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER, fsSource);

  // Create the shader program
  const shaderProgram = gl.createProgram();
  gl.attachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
  gl.attachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
  gl.linkProgram(shaderProgram);

  // If creating the shader program failed, alert
  if (!gl.getProgramParameter(shaderProgram, gl.LINK_STATUS)) {
    alert(
      `Unable to initialize the shader program: ${gl.getProgramInfoLog(
        shaderProgram,
      )}`,
    );
    return null;
  }

  return shaderProgram;
}

function initBuffers(gl) {
  const positionBuffer = initPositionBuffer(gl);
  const textureCoordBuffer = initTextureBuffer(gl);
  const indexBuffer = initIndexBuffer(gl);

  return {
    position: positionBuffer,
    textureCoord: textureCoordBuffer,
    indices: indexBuffer,
  };
}

function initPositionBuffer(gl) {
  // Create a buffer for the square's positions.
  const positionBuffer = gl.createBuffer();

  // Select the positionBuffer as the one to apply buffer
  // operations to from here out.
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, positionBuffer);

  const positions = [
    // Front face
    -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0,

    // Back face
    -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0,

    // Top face
    -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0,

    // Bottom face
    -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0,

    // Right face
    1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0,

    // Left face
    -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0,
  ];

  // Now pass the list of positions into WebGL to build the
  // shape. We do this by creating a Float32Array from the
  // JavaScript array, then use it to fill the current buffer.
  gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array(positions), gl.STATIC_DRAW);

  return positionBuffer;
}

function initIndexBuffer(gl) {
  const indexBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBuffer);

  // This array defines each face as two triangles, using the
  // indices into the vertex array to specify each triangle's
  // position.

  // prettier-ignore
  const indices = [
     0,  1,  2,      0,  2,  3,    // front
     4,  5,  6,      4,  6,  7,    // back
     8,  9,  10,     8,  10, 11,   // top
     12, 13, 14,     12, 14, 15,   // bottom
     16, 17, 18,     16, 18, 19,   // right
     20, 21, 22,     20, 22, 23,   // left
  ];

  // Now send the element array to GL

  gl.bufferData(
    gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,
    new Uint16Array(indices),
    gl.STATIC_DRAW,
  );

  return indexBuffer;
}

function initTextureBuffer(gl) {
  const textureCoordBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, textureCoordBuffer);

  const textureCoordinates = [
    // Front
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
    // Back
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
    // Top
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
    // Bottom
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
    // Right
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
    // Left
    1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0,
  ];

  gl.bufferData(
    gl.ARRAY_BUFFER,
    new Float32Array(textureCoordinates),
    gl.STATIC_DRAW,
  );

  return textureCoordBuffer;
}

function drawScene(gl, programInfo, buffers, texture, cubeRotation) {
  gl.clearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); // Clear to black, fully opaque
  gl.clearDepth(1.0); // Clear everything
  gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST); // Enable depth testing
  gl.depthFunc(gl.LEQUAL); // Near things obscure far things

  // Clear the canvas before we start drawing on it.

  gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

  // Create a perspective matrix, a special matrix that is
  // used to simulate the distortion of perspective in a camera.
  // Our field of view is 35 degrees, with a width/height
  // ratio that matches the display size of the canvas
  // and we only want to see objects between 0.1 units
  // and 100 units away from the camera.

  const fieldOfView = (35 * Math.PI) / 180; // in radians
  const aspect = gl.canvas.clientWidth / gl.canvas.clientHeight;
  const zNear = 0.1;
  const zFar = 100.0;
  const projectionMatrix = mat4.create();

  // note: glMatrix always has the first argument
  // as the destination to receive the result.
  mat4.perspective(projectionMatrix, fieldOfView, aspect, zNear, zFar);

  // Set the drawing position to the "identity" point, which is
  // the center of the scene.
  const modelViewMatrix = mat4.create();

  // Now move the drawing position a bit to where we want to
  // start drawing the square.
  mat4.translate(
    modelViewMatrix, // destination matrix
    modelViewMatrix, // matrix to translate
    [-0.0, 0.0, -6.0],
  ); // amount to translate
  mat4.rotate(
    modelViewMatrix, // destination matrix
    modelViewMatrix, // matrix to rotate
    cubeRotation, // amount to rotate in radians
    [0, 0, 1],
  ); // axis to rotate around (Z)
  mat4.rotate(
    modelViewMatrix, // destination matrix
    modelViewMatrix, // matrix to rotate
    cubeRotation * 0.7, // amount to rotate in radians
    [0, 1, 0],
  ); // axis to rotate around (Y)
  mat4.rotate(
    modelViewMatrix, // destination matrix
    modelViewMatrix, // matrix to rotate
    cubeRotation * 0.3, // amount to rotate in radians
    [1, 0, 0],
  ); // axis to rotate around (X)

  setPositionAttribute(gl, buffers, programInfo);
  setTextureAttribute(gl, buffers, programInfo);
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.indices);

  // Tell WebGL to use our program when drawing
  gl.useProgram(programInfo.program);

  // Set the shader uniforms
  gl.uniformMatrix4fv(
    programInfo.uniformLocations.projectionMatrix,
    false,
    projectionMatrix,
  );
  gl.uniformMatrix4fv(
    programInfo.uniformLocations.modelViewMatrix,
    false,
    modelViewMatrix,
  );

  // Tell WebGL we want to affect texture unit 0
  gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);

  // Bind the texture to texture unit 0
  gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, texture);

  // Tell the shader we bound the texture to texture unit 0
  gl.uniform1i(programInfo.uniformLocations.uSampler, 0);

  {
    const vertexCount = 36;
    const type = gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT;
    const offset = 0;
    gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, vertexCount, type, offset);
  }
}

// Tell WebGL how to pull out the positions from the position
// buffer into the vertexPosition attribute.
function setPositionAttribute(gl, buffers, programInfo) {
  const numComponents = 3; // pull out 2 values per iteration
  const type = gl.FLOAT; // the data in the buffer is 32bit floats
  const normalize = false; // don't normalize
  const stride = 0; // how many bytes to get from one set of values to the next
  // 0 = use type and numComponents above
  const offset = 0; // how many bytes inside the buffer to start from
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.position);
  gl.vertexAttribPointer(
    programInfo.attribLocations.vertexPosition,
    numComponents,
    type,
    normalize,
    stride,
    offset,
  );
  gl.enableVertexAttribArray(programInfo.attribLocations.vertexPosition);
}

// tell webgl how to pull out the texture coordinates from buffer
function setTextureAttribute(gl, buffers, programInfo) {
  const num = 2; // every coordinate composed of 2 values
  const type = gl.FLOAT; // the data in the buffer is 32-bit float
  const normalize = false; // don't normalize
  const stride = 0; // how many bytes to get from one set to the next
  const offset = 0; // how many bytes inside the buffer to start from
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffers.textureCoord);
  gl.vertexAttribPointer(
    programInfo.attribLocations.textureCoord,
    num,
    type,
    normalize,
    stride,
    offset,
  );
  gl.enableVertexAttribArray(programInfo.attribLocations.textureCoord);
}