diff --git a/apps/mobile-rn/__tests__/history-window-redteam-r2-31.test.tsx b/apps/mobile-rn/__tests__/history-window-redteam-r2-31.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c28f492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/mobile-rn/__tests__/history-window-redteam-r2-31.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+import React from 'react'
+import { act, create, type ReactTestRenderer } from 'react-test-renderer'
+import { AppState } from 'react-native'
+import * as Keychain from 'react-native-keychain'
+import type {
+  HistoryCursor,
+  HistoryListEntry,
+  HistoryListOptions,
+  HistoryPageResult,
+} from '../src/features/history/history-service'
+
+const USER_A = '11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111'
+
+let mockAuthUser: { id: string } | null = null
+const mockListHistoryPage = jest.fn<Promise<HistoryPageResult>, [HistoryListOptions]>()
+let mockRemoteChange: (() => void) | null = null
+
+jest.mock('../src/lib/supabase', () => ({
+  supabase: {
+    channel: jest.fn(),
+    removeChannel: jest.fn(async () => 'ok'),
+  },
+}))
+jest.mock('../src/lib/auth-context', () => ({
+  useAuth: () => ({ user: mockAuthUser }),
+}))
+jest.mock('../src/features/history/history-service', () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual('../src/features/history/history-service'),
+  listHistoryPage: (options: HistoryListOptions) => mockListHistoryPage(options),
+  subscribeToHistory: (_userId: string, onRemoteChange: () => void) => {
+    mockRemoteChange = onRemoteChange
+    return { unsubscribe: async () => undefined }
+  },
+}))
+
+import {
+  appendHistoryPage,
+  applyHeadRefresh,
+  compareHistoryPosition,
+  EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW,
+  fetchHistoryHead,
+  type HistoryPageRequest,
+} from '../src/features/history/history-window'
+import { useHistorySync, type HistorySyncModel } from '../src/features/history/use-history-sync'
+
+const keychainMock = Keychain as unknown as typeof Keychain & { __reset: () => void }
+const BASE_TIME = Date.UTC(2026, 7, 21)
+
+function entry(index: number, overrides: Partial<HistoryListEntry> = {}): HistoryListEntry {
+  const id = `e-${String(index).padStart(3, '0')}`
+  const createdAt = new Date(BASE_TIME - index * 60_000).toISOString()
+  return {
+    id,
+    user_id: USER_A,
+    title: null,
+    original_text: `original ${id}`,
+    polished_text: null,
+    focused_app: null,
+    focused_app_name: null,
+    focused_app_window_title: null,
+    mode: 'dictation',
+    status: 'completed',
+    error_code: null,
+    audio_storage_key: null,
+    duration: 2,
+    detected_language: 'ko',
+    mic_device: null,
+    word_count: 2,
+    stt_model: 'whisper',
+    llm_model: null,
+    stt_latency_ms: null,
+    llm_latency_ms: null,
+    app_version: '1.0.0',
+    summary_text: null,
+    is_favorite: index % 3 === 0,
+    revision: 1,
+    created_at: createdAt,
+    updated_at: createdAt,
+    activeJob: null,
+    ...overrides,
+  }
+}
+
+function cursorOf(value: HistoryListEntry): HistoryCursor {
+  return { createdAt: value.created_at, id: value.id }
+}
+
+/** In-memory stand-in for the history table with keyset pagination. */
+function createServer(count: number) {
+  let rows = Array.from({ length: count }, (_, index) => entry(index))
+  const page = (options: {
+    filter?: string
+    cursor?: HistoryCursor | null
+    pageSize?: number
+  }): HistoryPageResult => {
+    const pageSize = options.pageSize ?? 20
+    const cursor = options.cursor ?? null
+    const matching = rows
+      .filter((row) => options.filter !== 'favorites' || row.is_favorite)
+      .filter((row) => cursor === null || compareHistoryPosition(cursorOf(row), cursor) > 0)
+      .sort((a, b) => compareHistoryPosition(cursorOf(a), cursorOf(b)))
+    const entries = matching.slice(0, pageSize)
+    const last = entries.at(-1)
+    return {
+      entries,
+      nextCursor: entries.length === pageSize && last !== undefined ? cursorOf(last) : null,
+    }
+  }
+  return {
+    page,
+    remove: (id: string) => { rows = rows.filter((row) => row.id !== id) },
+    insert: (row: HistoryListEntry) => { rows = [...rows, row] },
+  }
+}
+
+interface Deferred<T> {
+  promise: Promise<T>
+  resolve: (value: T) => void
+}
+
+function deferred<T>(): Deferred<T> {
+  let resolve: (value: T) => void = () => undefined
+  const promise = new Promise<T>((settle) => { resolve = settle })
+  return { promise, resolve }
+}
+
+async function flush(): Promise<void> {
+  for (let index = 0; index < 20; index += 1) await Promise.resolve()
+}
+
+let model: HistorySyncModel | null = null
+
+function Harness(): null {
+  model = useHistorySync()
+  return null
+}
+
+function current(): HistorySyncModel {
+  if (model === null) throw new Error('hook not mounted')
+  return model
+}
+
+async function mount(): Promise<ReactTestRenderer> {
+  let renderer: ReactTestRenderer | null = null
+  await act(async () => {
+    renderer = create(<Harness />)
+    await flush()
+  })
+  if (renderer === null) throw new Error('renderer missing')
+  return renderer
+}
+
+async function triggerRemoteChange(): Promise<void> {
+  await act(async () => {
+    mockRemoteChange?.()
+    jest.advanceTimersByTime(300)
+    await flush()
+  })
+}
+
+describe('history window policy', () => {
+  test('a head refresh that ends before the loaded window keeps the unverified tail and cursor', () => {
+    const loaded = { entries: [entry(0), entry(1), entry(2), entry(3)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(3)) }
+    const head = { entries: [entry(0), entry(1)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(1)) }
+    const next = applyHeadRefresh(loaded, head)
+    expect(next.entries.map((row) => row.id)).toEqual(['e-000', 'e-001', 'e-002', 'e-003'])
+    expect(next.nextCursor).toEqual(cursorOf(entry(3)))
+  })
+
+  test('a head refresh drops rows it no longer sees inside its range', () => {
+    const loaded = { entries: [entry(0), entry(1), entry(2), entry(3)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(3)) }
+    const head = { entries: [entry(0), entry(2), entry(3)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(3)) }
+    const next = applyHeadRefresh(loaded, head)
+    expect(next.entries.map((row) => row.id)).toEqual(['e-000', 'e-002', 'e-003'])
+    expect(next.nextCursor).toEqual(cursorOf(entry(3)))
+  })
+
+  test('a head refresh that reaches the end is authoritative', () => {
+    const loaded = { entries: [entry(0), entry(1), entry(2)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(2)) }
+    const next = applyHeadRefresh(loaded, { entries: [entry(0)], nextCursor: null })
+    expect(next).toEqual({ entries: [entry(0)], nextCursor: null })
+  })
+
+  test('an appended page never moves the cursor backwards', () => {
+    const refreshed = { entries: [entry(0), entry(1), entry(2), entry(3)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(3)) }
+    const stalePage = { entries: [entry(2)], nextCursor: cursorOf(entry(2)) }
+    expect(appendHistoryPage(refreshed, stalePage).nextCursor).toEqual(cursorOf(entry(3)))
+    const endPage = { entries: [entry(4)], nextCursor: null }
+    expect(appendHistoryPage(refreshed, endPage)).toEqual({
+      entries: [entry(0), entry(1), entry(2), entry(3), entry(4)],
+      nextCursor: null,
+    })
+  })
+
+  test('fetchHistoryHead pages until the oldest loaded entry is covered', async () => {
+    const server = createServer(200)
+    const requests: HistoryPageRequest[] = []
+    const fetchPage = async (request: HistoryPageRequest) => {
+      requests.push(request)
+      return server.page(request)
+    }
+    const loaded = server.page({ pageSize: 120 })
+    const head = await fetchHistoryHead(fetchPage, loaded)
+    expect(requests.map((request) => request.pageSize)).toEqual([50, 50, 50])
+    // Trimmed back to the loaded boundary: the window keeps its size.
+    expect(head).toEqual(loaded)
+
+    // The last page reaches the end of the results: still trimmed to the
+    // loaded boundary, with a cursor so the remaining rows stay pageable.
+    const small = createServer(70)
+    const loadedSmall = small.page({ pageSize: 60 })
+    const smallHead = await fetchHistoryHead(async (request) => small.page(request), loadedSmall)
+    expect(smallHead).toEqual(loadedSmall)
+
+    requests.length = 0
+    const first = await fetchHistoryHead(fetchPage, EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
+    expect(requests).toEqual([{ cursor: null, pageSize: 20 }])
+    expect(first.entries).toHaveLength(20)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('useHistorySync pagination window', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    jest.useFakeTimers()
+    keychainMock.__reset()
+    mockAuthUser = { id: USER_A }
+    mockRemoteChange = null
+    model = null
+    mockListHistoryPage.mockReset()
+    // The preset mock leaves currentState as a jest.fn; the poll only runs
+    // while the app is in the foreground.
+    Object.defineProperty(AppState, 'currentState', { value: 'active', configurable: true })
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.useRealTimers()
+  })
+
+  test('a background pull keeps pages loaded with loadMore and reconciles deletions across them', async () => {
+    const server = createServer(100)
+    mockListHistoryPage.mockImplementation(async (options) => server.page(options))
+    const renderer = await mount()
+    expect(current().entries).toHaveLength(20)
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      await current().loadMore()
+      await flush()
+    })
+    await act(async () => {
+      await current().loadMore()
+      await flush()
+    })
+    expect(current().entries).toHaveLength(60)
+
+    // Another device deletes a row deep in the loaded window and inserts a new one.
+    server.remove('e-045')
+    server.insert(entry(-1))
+    await triggerRemoteChange()
+
+    const ids = current().entries.map((row) => row.id)
+    expect(ids).toHaveLength(60)
+    expect(ids[0]).toBe('e-0-1')
+    expect(ids).not.toContain('e-045')
+    expect(ids).toContain('e-059')
+    expect(current().hasMore).toBe(true)
+
+    // The 45s deletion-reconciliation poll behaves the same way.
+    server.remove('e-010')
+    await act(async () => {
+      jest.advanceTimersByTime(45_000 + 300)
+      await flush()
+    })
+    expect(current().entries.map((row) => row.id)).not.toContain('e-010')
+    expect(current().entries).toHaveLength(59)
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      renderer.unmount()
+      await flush()
+    })
+  })
+
+  test('a loadMore that resolves after a filter change is discarded', async () => {
+    const server = createServer(100)
+    const heldPage = deferred<HistoryPageResult>()
+    mockListHistoryPage.mockImplementation(async (options) => {
+      if (options.filter === 'all' && options.cursor !== null && options.cursor !== undefined) {
+        return heldPage.promise
+      }
+      return server.page(options)
+    })
+    const renderer = await mount()
+    expect(current().entries).toHaveLength(20)
+
+    let pendingLoadMore: Promise<void> = Promise.resolve()
+    await act(async () => {
+      pendingLoadMore = current().loadMore()
+      await flush()
+    })
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      current().setFilter('favorites')
+      await flush()
+    })
+    expect(current().filter).toBe('favorites')
+    expect(current().entries.every((row) => row.is_favorite)).toBe(true)
+    const favoritesCursorPage = server.page({ filter: 'favorites' })
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      heldPage.resolve(server.page({ filter: 'all', cursor: cursorOf(entry(19)) }))
+      await pendingLoadMore
+      await flush()
+    })
+
+    expect(current().entries.every((row) => row.is_favorite)).toBe(true)
+    expect(current().entries.map((row) => row.id)).toEqual(
+      favoritesCursorPage.entries.map((row) => row.id),
+    )
+
+    // The next page is requested with the favorites cursor, not the stale 'all' one.
+    mockListHistoryPage.mockClear()
+    await act(async () => {
+      await current().loadMore()
+      await flush()
+    })
+    expect(mockListHistoryPage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
+      filter: 'favorites',
+      cursor: favoritesCursorPage.nextCursor,
+    }))
+    expect(current().entries.every((row) => row.is_favorite)).toBe(true)
+
+    await act(async () => {
+      renderer.unmount()
+      await flush()
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/history-window.ts b/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/history-window.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54e6512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/history-window.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+import type {
+  HistoryCursor,
+  HistoryListEntry,
+  HistoryPageResult,
+} from './history-service'
+
+/**
+ * Pure policy for the paginated history list shown on the History screen.
+ *
+ * The list is a contiguous "window" over the server ordering
+ * (created_at DESC, id DESC) starting at the newest row. `nextCursor` marks
+ * where the window ends; `null` means the window already reaches the end of
+ * the result set. Keeping this logic free of React and Supabase lets the hook
+ * stay a thin adapter and makes the merge rules unit-testable.
+ */
+export interface HistoryWindow {
+  entries: HistoryListEntry[]
+  nextCursor: HistoryCursor | null
+}
+
+export const EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW: HistoryWindow = Object.freeze({
+  entries: [],
+  nextCursor: null,
+}) as HistoryWindow
+
+export interface HistoryPageRequest {
+  cursor: HistoryCursor | null
+  pageSize: number
+}
+
+/** Port used by {@link fetchHistoryHead}; the hook binds it to listHistoryPage. */
+export type HistoryPageFetcher = (request: HistoryPageRequest) => Promise<HistoryPageResult>
+
+export interface HistoryHeadFetchOptions {
+  /** Page size used for an empty window (the regular first page). */
+  minPageSize: number
+  /** Largest page the service accepts. */
+  maxPageSize: number
+  /** Upper bound on round trips for one background refresh. */
+  maxPages: number
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_HISTORY_HEAD_FETCH: HistoryHeadFetchOptions = Object.freeze({
+  minPageSize: 20,
+  maxPageSize: 50,
+  maxPages: 10,
+})
+
+interface HistoryPosition {
+  createdAt: string
+  id: string
+}
+
+function positionOf(entry: HistoryListEntry): HistoryPosition {
+  return { createdAt: entry.created_at, id: entry.id }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Orders two positions like the server does. Negative when `a` comes first
+ * (is newer), positive when `a` comes later (is older), zero when equal.
+ */
+export function compareHistoryPosition(a: HistoryPosition, b: HistoryPosition): number {
+  const byDate = b.createdAt.localeCompare(a.createdAt)
+  return byDate !== 0 ? byDate : b.id.localeCompare(a.id)
+}
+
+function sortAndDedupe(entries: Iterable<HistoryListEntry>): HistoryListEntry[] {
+  const byId = new Map<string, HistoryListEntry>()
+  for (const entry of entries) byId.set(entry.id, entry)
+  return [...byId.values()].sort((a, b) => compareHistoryPosition(positionOf(a), positionOf(b)))
+}
+
+/** The oldest loaded position, or null when nothing is loaded. */
+export function historyWindowBoundary(window: HistoryWindow): HistoryCursor | null {
+  const last = window.entries.at(-1)
+  return last === undefined ? null : positionOf(last)
+}
+
+/** Picks the cursor that covers more rows; `null` (end of results) covers the most. */
+function furtherCursor(a: HistoryCursor | null, b: HistoryCursor | null): HistoryCursor | null {
+  if (a === null || b === null) return null
+  return compareHistoryPosition(a, b) >= 0 ? a : b
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches a fresh head of the list that covers at least everything the
+ * current window has loaded, so a background refresh can reconcile inserts,
+ * updates and deletions across the whole loaded window instead of collapsing
+ * it back to the first page.
+ */
+export async function fetchHistoryHead(
+  fetchPage: HistoryPageFetcher,
+  current: HistoryWindow,
+  options: HistoryHeadFetchOptions = DEFAULT_HISTORY_HEAD_FETCH,
+): Promise<HistoryWindow> {
+  const boundary = historyWindowBoundary(current)
+  const pageSize = Math.min(
+    options.maxPageSize,
+    Math.max(options.minPageSize, current.entries.length),
+  )
+  const collected: HistoryListEntry[] = []
+  let cursor: HistoryCursor | null = null
+
+  for (let pageIndex = 0; pageIndex < Math.max(1, options.maxPages); pageIndex += 1) {
+    const page: HistoryPageResult = await fetchPage({ cursor, pageSize })
+    collected.push(...page.entries)
+    cursor = page.nextCursor
+    if (cursor === null || boundary === null) break
+    // The fetched range now reaches the oldest loaded entry.
+    if (compareHistoryPosition(cursor, boundary) >= 0) break
+  }
+
+  const entries = sortAndDedupe(collected)
+  const coveredBoundary = boundary !== null
+    && (cursor === null || compareHistoryPosition(cursor, boundary) >= 0)
+  if (!coveredBoundary) return { entries, nextCursor: cursor }
+
+  // The last page overshot the loaded window. Trim it back to the old
+  // boundary so a background refresh neither grows nor shrinks the list; a
+  // keyset cursor is just the position of the last kept row.
+  const kept = entries.filter((row) => compareHistoryPosition(positionOf(row), boundary) <= 0)
+  const lastKept = kept.at(-1)
+  if (lastKept === undefined || kept.length === entries.length) {
+    return { entries, nextCursor: cursor }
+  }
+  return { entries: kept, nextCursor: positionOf(lastKept) }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies a freshly fetched head (which always starts at the newest row) to
+ * the current window.
+ *
+ * - Inside the fetched range the server is authoritative: rows missing from
+ *   `head` were deleted or no longer match the filter and are dropped.
+ * - Rows older than the fetched range cannot be verified by this refresh and
+ *   are kept, together with the window's cursor, so a page loaded while the
+ *   refresh was in flight is not thrown away.
+ */
+export function applyHeadRefresh(current: HistoryWindow, head: HistoryWindow): HistoryWindow {
+  const headEnd = head.nextCursor
+  if (headEnd === null) return { entries: sortAndDedupe(head.entries), nextCursor: null }
+
+  const tail = current.entries.filter((entry) => (
+    compareHistoryPosition(positionOf(entry), headEnd) > 0
+  ))
+  if (tail.length === 0) return { entries: sortAndDedupe(head.entries), nextCursor: headEnd }
+
+  return {
+    entries: sortAndDedupe([...head.entries, ...tail]),
+    nextCursor: furtherCursor(current.nextCursor, headEnd),
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Appends a page fetched with the window's cursor. The resulting cursor is the
+ * one that covers more rows, so a page that lands after a larger background
+ * refresh cannot move the cursor backwards.
+ */
+export function appendHistoryPage(current: HistoryWindow, page: HistoryPageResult): HistoryWindow {
+  return {
+    entries: sortAndDedupe([...current.entries, ...page.entries]),
+    nextCursor: furtherCursor(current.nextCursor, page.nextCursor),
+  }
+}
+
+/** Applies an entry-level edit (optimistic update, removal) without touching the cursor. */
+export function mapHistoryWindowEntries(
+  current: HistoryWindow,
+  update: (entries: HistoryListEntry[]) => HistoryListEntry[],
+): HistoryWindow {
+  return { entries: update(current.entries), nextCursor: current.nextCursor }
+}
diff --git a/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/use-history-sync.ts b/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/use-history-sync.ts
index 0e6baf5..5e45de7 100644
--- a/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/use-history-sync.ts
+++ b/apps/mobile-rn/src/features/history/use-history-sync.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import {
   mergeHistoryEntries,
   subscribeToHistory,
   updateHistoryRevisionSafe,
-  type HistoryCursor,
   type HistoryFilter,
   type HistoryListEntry,
   type HistoryServiceErrorCode,
@@ -22,6 +21,14 @@ import {
   saveHistoryCacheInScope,
   type HistoryCacheScopeCheck,
 } from './history-cache-writer'
+import {
+  appendHistoryPage,
+  applyHeadRefresh,
+  EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW,
+  fetchHistoryHead,
+  mapHistoryWindowEntries,
+  type HistoryWindow,
+} from './history-window'
 
 export interface HistorySyncError {
   code: HistoryServiceErrorCode
@@ -63,7 +70,12 @@ function syncError(error: unknown): HistorySyncError {
 export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
   const { user } = useAuth()
   const userId = user?.id ?? null
-  const [entries, setEntries] = useState<HistoryListEntry[]>([])
+  // Entries and cursor form one contiguous window (see history-window.ts).
+  // windowRef is the synchronous source of truth so async callbacks never
+  // merge into a stale render snapshot; state mirrors it for rendering.
+  const [historyWindow, setHistoryWindow] = useState<HistoryWindow>(EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
+  const windowRef = useRef<HistoryWindow>(EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
+  const entries = historyWindow.entries
   const [filter, setFilter] = useState<HistoryFilter>('all')
   const [search, setSearch] = useState('')
   const [debouncedSearch, setDebouncedSearch] = useState('')
@@ -75,19 +87,31 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
   const [error, setError] = useState<HistorySyncError | null>(null)
   const [cacheWarning, setCacheWarning] = useState(false)
   const [realtimeDisconnected, setRealtimeDisconnected] = useState(false)
-  const [nextCursor, setNextCursor] = useState<HistoryCursor | null>(null)
   const [mutatingIds, setMutatingIds] = useState<Set<string>>(() => new Set())
   const mutatingIdsRef = useRef<Set<string>>(new Set())
   const requestId = useRef(0)
-  const entriesRef = useRef(entries)
+  // Bumped whenever the list is reset for a new query (filter, search, user).
+  // A page requested under an older generation must never be merged.
+  const listGeneration = useRef(0)
   // Auth scope for cache writes. Invalidated on every user change and on
   // unmount so a request started for user A can never persist A's history
   // after the logout privacy purge (see saveHistoryCacheInScope).
   const [cacheScope] = useState(createHistoryCacheScope)
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    entriesRef.current = entries
-  }, [entries])
+  const commitWindow = useCallback((
+    next: HistoryWindow | ((current: HistoryWindow) => HistoryWindow),
+  ): HistoryWindow => {
+    const resolved = typeof next === 'function' ? next(windowRef.current) : next
+    windowRef.current = resolved
+    setHistoryWindow(resolved)
+    return resolved
+  }, [])
+
+  const updateEntries = useCallback((
+    update: (current: HistoryListEntry[]) => HistoryListEntry[],
+  ): void => {
+    commitWindow((current) => mapHistoryWindowEntries(current, update))
+  }, [commitWindow])
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const timeout = setTimeout(() => setDebouncedSearch(search), 350)
@@ -135,7 +159,7 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
 
   const performRefresh = useCallback(async (showRefresh: boolean): Promise<void> => {
     if (userId === null) {
-      setEntries([])
+      commitWindow(EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
       setLoading(false)
       setRefreshing(false)
       setError({ code: 'auth', message: 'Login is required' })
@@ -145,32 +169,38 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
     const currentRequest = ++requestId.current
     const isCurrentScope = cacheScope.capture()
     if (showRefresh) setRefreshing(true)
-    if (entriesRef.current.length === 0) setLoading(true)
+    if (windowRef.current.entries.length === 0) setLoading(true)
 
     try {
-      const page = await listHistoryPage({
-        userId,
-        filter,
-        search: debouncedSearch,
-      })
+      // Re-read everything already loaded (not just the first page) so a
+      // background pull keeps the scrolled window and still reconciles
+      // deletions across it.
+      const head = await fetchHistoryHead(
+        ({ cursor, pageSize }) => listHistoryPage({
+          userId,
+          filter,
+          search: debouncedSearch,
+          cursor,
+          pageSize,
+        }),
+        windowRef.current,
+      )
       if (currentRequest !== requestId.current) return
 
-      setEntries(page.entries)
-      setNextCursor(page.nextCursor)
+      const next = commitWindow((current) => applyHeadRefresh(current, head))
       setOffline(false)
       setStaleAt(null)
       setError(null)
 
       if (filter === 'all' && debouncedSearch.length === 0) {
-        await writeCache(page.entries, isCurrentScope)
+        await writeCache(next.entries, isCurrentScope)
       }
     } catch (requestError) {
       if (currentRequest !== requestId.current) return
       const normalized = syncError(requestError)
 
       if (normalized.code === 'auth' || normalized.code === 'validation') {
-        setEntries([])
-        setNextCursor(null)
+        commitWindow(EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
         setOffline(false)
         setStaleAt(null)
         setError(normalized)
@@ -180,8 +210,10 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
       try {
         const cached = await loadHistoryCache(userId)
         if (cached !== null) {
-          setEntries(filterCachedHistory(cached.entries, filter, debouncedSearch))
-          setNextCursor(null)
+          commitWindow({
+            entries: filterCachedHistory(cached.entries, filter, debouncedSearch),
+            nextCursor: null,
+          })
           setOffline(true)
           setStaleAt(cached.savedAt)
           setError(null)
@@ -200,17 +232,17 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
         setRefreshing(false)
       }
     }
-  }, [cacheScope, debouncedSearch, filter, userId, writeCache])
+  }, [cacheScope, commitWindow, debouncedSearch, filter, userId, writeCache])
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    setEntries([])
-    setNextCursor(null)
+    listGeneration.current += 1
+    commitWindow(EMPTY_HISTORY_WINDOW)
     setStaleAt(null)
     setError(null)
     setOffline(false)
     setLoading(true)
     void performRefresh(false)
-  }, [performRefresh])
+  }, [commitWindow, performRefresh])
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (userId === null) return
@@ -271,8 +303,13 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
   }, [performRefresh])
 
   const loadMore = useCallback(async (): Promise<void> => {
-    if (userId === null || nextCursor === null || loadingMore || offline) return
+    const cursor = windowRef.current.nextCursor
+    if (userId === null || cursor === null || loadingMore || offline) return
     const isCurrentScope = cacheScope.capture()
+    const generation = listGeneration.current
+    const isCurrentQuery = (): boolean => (
+      isCurrentScope() && generation === listGeneration.current
+    )
     setLoadingMore(true)
 
     try {
@@ -280,20 +317,18 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
         userId,
         filter,
         search: debouncedSearch,
-        cursor: nextCursor,
+        cursor,
       })
-      if (!isCurrentScope()) return
-      setEntries((current) => {
-        const merged = mergeHistoryEntries(current, page.entries)
-        if (filter === 'all' && debouncedSearch.length === 0) {
-          void writeCache(merged, isCurrentScope)
-        }
-        return merged
-      })
-      setNextCursor(page.nextCursor)
+      // The filter/search/user changed while this page was in flight: it
+      // belongs to a different result set and its cursor is meaningless now.
+      if (!isCurrentQuery()) return
+      const next = commitWindow((current) => appendHistoryPage(current, page))
       setError(null)
+      if (filter === 'all' && debouncedSearch.length === 0) {
+        void writeCache(next.entries, isCurrentScope)
+      }
     } catch (requestError) {
-      if (!isCurrentScope()) return
+      if (!isCurrentQuery()) return
       const normalized = syncError(requestError)
       setError(normalized)
       if (normalized.code === 'network') setOffline(true)
@@ -302,10 +337,10 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
     }
   }, [
     cacheScope,
+    commitWindow,
     debouncedSearch,
     filter,
     loadingMore,
-    nextCursor,
     offline,
     userId,
     writeCache,
@@ -332,7 +367,7 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
     const isCurrentScope = cacheScope.capture()
 
     const optimisticFavorite = !entry.is_favorite
-    setEntries((current) => current.map((item) => (
+    updateEntries((current) => current.map((item) => (
       item.id === entry.id ? { ...item, is_favorite: optimisticFavorite } : item
     )))
 
@@ -344,7 +379,7 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
         { is_favorite: optimisticFavorite },
       )
       const replacement: HistoryListEntry = { ...entry, ...updated }
-      setEntries((current) => {
+      updateEntries((current) => {
         if (filter === 'favorites' && !updated.is_favorite) {
           return current.filter((item) => item.id !== entry.id)
         }
@@ -352,31 +387,31 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
       })
       await patchCachedEntry(entry.id, replacement, isCurrentScope)
     } catch (mutationError) {
-      setEntries((current) => current.map((item) => (
+      updateEntries((current) => current.map((item) => (
         item.id === entry.id ? entry : item
       )))
       throw mutationError
     } finally {
       endMutation(entry.id)
     }
-  }, [beginMutation, cacheScope, endMutation, filter, patchCachedEntry, userId])
+  }, [beginMutation, cacheScope, endMutation, filter, patchCachedEntry, updateEntries, userId])
 
   const deleteEntry = useCallback(async (entry: HistoryListEntry): Promise<void> => {
     if (userId === null) throw new HistoryServiceError('auth', 'Login is required')
     if (!beginMutation(entry.id)) return
     const isCurrentScope = cacheScope.capture()
 
-    setEntries((current) => current.filter((item) => item.id !== entry.id))
+    updateEntries((current) => current.filter((item) => item.id !== entry.id))
     try {
       await deleteHistoryRevisionSafe(userId, entry.id, entry.revision)
       await patchCachedEntry(entry.id, null, isCurrentScope)
     } catch (mutationError) {
-      setEntries((current) => mergeHistoryEntries(current, [entry]))
+      updateEntries((current) => mergeHistoryEntries(current, [entry]))
       throw mutationError
     } finally {
       endMutation(entry.id)
     }
-  }, [beginMutation, cacheScope, endMutation, patchCachedEntry, userId])
+  }, [beginMutation, cacheScope, endMutation, patchCachedEntry, updateEntries, userId])
 
   const isMutating = useCallback((entryId: string): boolean => {
     return mutatingIds.has(entryId)
@@ -394,7 +429,7 @@ export function useHistorySync(): HistorySyncModel {
     error,
     cacheWarning,
     realtimeDisconnected,
-    hasMore: nextCursor !== null,
+    hasMore: historyWindow.nextCursor !== null,
     setFilter,
     setSearch,
     refresh,