diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/preload/index.ts b/apps/desktop/src/preload/index.ts
index aa9f5e6..9b844f0 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/preload/index.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/preload/index.ts
@@ -187,6 +187,10 @@ function on<T>(channel: string, callback: (data: T) => void): Unsubscribe {
 }
 
 const electronAPI = {
+  // ── Platform ───────────────────────────────────────────
+  // 'darwin' | 'win32' | 'linux' — 렌더러에서 키바인딩/단축키 표기 분기
+  platform: process.platform as NodeJS.Platform,
+
   // ── Audio ──────────────────────────────────────────────
   audio: {
     getDevices: () => invoke<AudioDevice[]>(IPC_CHANNELS.AUDIO.GET_DEVICES),
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/HotkeyRecordModal.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/HotkeyRecordModal.tsx
index 9cd769d..8a577a4 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/HotkeyRecordModal.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/HotkeyRecordModal.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import {
 import { d3roPalette } from '@d3ro/ui/theme'
 import { useI18n } from '@d3ro/i18n'
 import type { HotkeyBinding } from '@d3ro/core/types'
+import { formatHotkeyLabel } from '../utils/format-hotkey'
 
 // ── 키 이름 매핑 (Windows) ──────────────────────────────
 const KEY_DISPLAY_MAP: Record<number, string> = {
@@ -302,7 +303,7 @@ export function HotkeyRecordModal({
 
         {currentBinding && (
           <Typography sx={{ color: d3roPalette.text.inactive, fontSize: '12px', mt: 2 }}>
-            {t('hotkey.current', { keys: currentBinding.displayLabel })}
+            {t('hotkey.current', { keys: formatHotkeyLabel(currentBinding) })}
           </Typography>
         )}
 
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/OnboardingModal.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/OnboardingModal.tsx
index 4ebc14d..badca8f 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/OnboardingModal.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/OnboardingModal.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import OpenInNewIcon from '@mui/icons-material/OpenInNew'
 import { d3roPalette, d3roFontMono, d3roShadow } from '@d3ro/ui/theme'
 import { Led } from '@d3ro/ui/components/ds'
 import { HotkeyRecordModal } from './HotkeyRecordModal'
+import { formatHotkeyLabel, formatHotkeySegments } from '../utils/format-hotkey'
 import { useI18n } from '@d3ro/i18n'
 import type { HotkeyBinding, AudioDevice } from '@d3ro/core/types'
 
@@ -167,9 +168,9 @@ export function OnboardingModal({ open, onClose }: OnboardingModalProps): React.
                 {hotkeyBinding ? (
                   <Stack direction="row" spacing={1} justifyContent="center" alignItems="center">
                     <Led color="green" size={8} />
-                    {hotkeyBinding.displayLabel.split(' + ').map((key) => (
+                    {formatHotkeySegments(hotkeyBinding).map((key, idx) => (
                       <Chip
-                        key={key}
+                        key={`${key}-${idx}`}
                         label={key}
                         sx={{
                           fontFamily: d3roFontMono,
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ export function OnboardingModal({ open, onClose }: OnboardingModalProps): React.
               </Typography>
               <Typography variant="body2" sx={{ color: d3roPalette.text.secondary, mb: 4 }}>
                 {hotkeyBinding
-                  ? t('onboarding.done.descWithKey', { key: hotkeyBinding.displayLabel })
+                  ? t('onboarding.done.descWithKey', { key: formatHotkeyLabel(hotkeyBinding) })
                   : t('onboarding.done.descNoKey')}
               </Typography>
               <Button variant="contained" onClick={handleFinish} fullWidth>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/SettingsModal.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/SettingsModal.tsx
index d316e0f..ca5457d 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/SettingsModal.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/components/SettingsModal.tsx
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import CheckCircleIcon from '@mui/icons-material/CheckCircle'
 import CancelIcon from '@mui/icons-material/Cancel'
 import { d3roPalette, d3roFontMono, d3roShadow } from '@d3ro/ui/theme'
 import { HotkeyRecordModal } from './HotkeyRecordModal'
+import { formatHotkeyLabel, formatHotkeySegments } from '../utils/format-hotkey'
 import { LicenseTab } from './LicenseTab'
 import { CloudSyncSection } from './CloudSyncSection'
 import { useI18n, LOCALE_META } from '@d3ro/i18n'
@@ -76,9 +77,9 @@ function HotkeyDisplay({
       </Typography>
       {binding ? (
         <Stack direction="row" spacing={0.5} alignItems="center">
-          {binding.displayLabel.split(' + ').map((key) => (
+          {formatHotkeySegments(binding).map((key, idx) => (
             <Chip
-              key={key}
+              key={`${key}-${idx}`}
               label={key}
               size="small"
               sx={{
@@ -407,7 +408,7 @@ export function SettingsModal({ open, onClose }: SettingsModalProps): React.Reac
                   title={t('settings.agent')}
                   description={
                     dictationBinding
-                      ? t('settings.agent.descWithKey', { key: dictationBinding.displayLabel })
+                      ? t('settings.agent.descWithKey', { key: formatHotkeyLabel(dictationBinding) })
                       : t('settings.agent.descNoKey')
                   }
                   enabled={dictationEnabled}
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/pages/DashboardPage.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/pages/DashboardPage.tsx
index 1710305..1498d26 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/pages/DashboardPage.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/pages/DashboardPage.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { EmptyStateCard, HistoryEntryCard } from '../components/shared'
 import { d3roPalette, d3roTypo } from '@d3ro/ui/theme'
 import { useI18n } from '@d3ro/i18n'
 import { formatRecordingTime, formatRecordingTimeUnit, formatNumber, getDateKey } from '../utils/formatters'
+import { formatHotkeyLabel } from '../utils/format-hotkey'
 import { FileDropZone } from '../components/FileDropZone'
 import type { StatsSummary, HistoryEntry, HotkeyBinding, CaptionState, LicenseTier, UsageQuota } from '@d3ro/core/types'
 
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ export function DashboardPage(): React.ReactElement {
                   </Box>
                   <PhosphorText variant="label" sx={{ mt: 0.5, color: d3roPalette.text.dimLabel }}>
                     {dictationBinding
-                      ? t('dashboard.pressToRecord', { key: dictationBinding.displayLabel.toUpperCase() }).toUpperCase()
+                      ? t('dashboard.pressToRecord', { key: formatHotkeyLabel(dictationBinding).toUpperCase() }).toUpperCase()
                       : t('dashboard.hotkeyNotSet').toUpperCase()}
                   </PhosphorText>
                 </>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/utils/format-hotkey.ts b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/utils/format-hotkey.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a59a853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/utils/format-hotkey.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// apps/desktop/src/renderer/utils/format-hotkey.ts
+// HotkeyBinding → 플랫폼별 표시 라벨 (segments + 결합 문자열).
+// macOS: ⌘/⌥/⌃/⇧ + key, Windows/Linux: Ctrl/Alt/Win/Shift + key.
+//
+// 기존 binding.displayLabel은 키 녹화 시 만들어진 정적 문자열이라
+// 플랫폼이 다르면 잘못 보임 — 이 헬퍼가 단일 진입점.
+
+import type { HotkeyBinding } from '@d3ro/core/types'
+
+type Platform = 'darwin' | 'win32' | 'linux'
+
+function getPlatform(): Platform {
+  const p = (window as { electronAPI?: { platform?: string } }).electronAPI?.platform
+  if (p === 'darwin' || p === 'win32' || p === 'linux') return p
+  // 폴백: SSR/테스트 환경에서는 navigator.platform로 추정.
+  if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && /Mac/i.test(navigator.platform)) return 'darwin'
+  return 'win32'
+}
+
+// keyCode → 키명. Windows VK_* 기준 + 일부 macOS 분기.
+function keyCodeToName(keyCode: number, platform: Platform): string {
+  // Modifier 표기 — 플랫폼별
+  if (platform === 'darwin') {
+    if (keyCode === 16 || keyCode === 160 || keyCode === 161) return '⇧'
+    if (keyCode === 17 || keyCode === 162 || keyCode === 163) return '⌃'
+    if (keyCode === 18 || keyCode === 164 || keyCode === 165) return '⌥'
+    if (keyCode === 91 || keyCode === 92) return '⌘'
+  } else {
+    if (keyCode === 16 || keyCode === 160 || keyCode === 161) return 'Shift'
+    if (keyCode === 17 || keyCode === 162 || keyCode === 163) return 'Ctrl'
+    if (keyCode === 18 || keyCode === 164 || keyCode === 165) return 'Alt'
+    if (keyCode === 91 || keyCode === 92) return 'Win'
+  }
+
+  // 공통 키
+  switch (keyCode) {
+    case 8: return 'Backspace'
+    case 9: return 'Tab'
+    case 13: return platform === 'darwin' ? '↩' : 'Enter'
+    case 19: return 'Pause'
+    case 20: return 'CapsLock'
+    case 27: return 'Esc'
+    case 32: return 'Space'
+    case 33: return 'PgUp'
+    case 34: return 'PgDn'
+    case 35: return 'End'
+    case 36: return 'Home'
+    case 37: return '←'
+    case 38: return '↑'
+    case 39: return '→'
+    case 40: return '↓'
+    case 45: return 'Insert'
+    case 46: return platform === 'darwin' ? '⌫' : 'Delete'
+    case 186: return ';'
+    case 187: return '='
+    case 188: return ','
+    case 189: return '-'
+    case 190: return '.'
+    case 191: return '/'
+    case 192: return '`'
+    case 219: return '['
+    case 220: return '\\'
+    case 221: return ']'
+    case 222: return "'"
+    default: break
+  }
+
+  // F1~F24
+  if (keyCode >= 112 && keyCode <= 135) return `F${keyCode - 111}`
+  // Numpad
+  if (keyCode >= 96 && keyCode <= 105) return `Num${keyCode - 96}`
+  // 알파벳/숫자
+  if ((keyCode >= 48 && keyCode <= 57) || (keyCode >= 65 && keyCode <= 90)) {
+    return String.fromCharCode(keyCode)
+  }
+
+  return `Key${keyCode}`
+}
+
+/**
+ * binding을 플랫폼별 segment 배열로 변환.
+ * 예) Mac: ['⌘', '⇧', '1'],  Win: ['Win', 'Shift', '1']
+ *
+ * 순서:
+ * - macOS: ⌃ ⌥ ⇧ ⌘ + key (Apple 표준)
+ * - Win/Linux: Ctrl Win Alt Shift + key
+ */
+export function formatHotkeySegments(binding: HotkeyBinding | null): string[] {
+  if (!binding) return []
+  const platform = getPlatform()
+  const segments: string[] = []
+
+  if (platform === 'darwin') {
+    if (binding.ctrl) segments.push('⌃')
+    if (binding.alt) segments.push('⌥')
+    if (binding.shift) segments.push('⇧')
+    if (binding.meta) segments.push('⌘')
+  } else {
+    if (binding.ctrl) segments.push('Ctrl')
+    if (binding.meta) segments.push('Win')
+    if (binding.alt) segments.push('Alt')
+    if (binding.shift) segments.push('Shift')
+  }
+
+  segments.push(keyCodeToName(binding.keyCode, platform))
+  return segments
+}
+
+/**
+ * 사람이 읽기 위한 단일 문자열 형태.
+ * macOS: '⌘⇧1' (구분자 없음 — Apple 표준)
+ * Win/Linux: 'Ctrl + Shift + 1'
+ */
+export function formatHotkeyLabel(binding: HotkeyBinding | null): string {
+  const segments = formatHotkeySegments(binding)
+  if (segments.length === 0) return ''
+  const platform = getPlatform()
+  return platform === 'darwin' ? segments.join('') : segments.join(' + ')
+}